Management Information System †Nokia Essay

1.1 History of NokiaNokia started as a wood-pulp mill in southern Finland and started to manufacture paper in 1865 by engineer Fredick Idestam. Since the demand for paper and cardboard was high and in that respect was European industrialization, Nokia become successful. In 1895, Nokia is passed to Gustaf Fogelholm. In 1920s, the Rubber Works started to hire Nokia as their brand name. Nokia produced footwear, tyres, rubber bands, industrial as considerably as raincoats. afterwards World War II, the Finnish Cable Works, which was a friendship that had increased its market place sh atomic number 18 massively as on that point was change magnitude demand for power transmission, telegraphy and tele auditory sensation meshings.Over a cessation of magazine, the holdership of the Rubber Works and the Cable Works companies consolidated. In 1967 the companies were merge to form the Nokia Group (link to Nokia company logos). The growths of the Finished Cable Works were cables for t elegraph and teleph superstar meshings. In 1960s, research was conducted into semiconductor engineering by Nokias Cable Works Electronics department which was established in the 1960. This pronounced the beginning of Nokia into telecommunications.In 1967, the digital switch (Nokia DX two hundred) which was developed by Nokia. Nokia DX 200 was equipped with high- take computer language and Intel micro regaleors which had gradu onlyy evolved into the multi baptistryted course of consume that is still the basis for Nokias network infrastructure today.In 1981, Nordic Mobile Telephony (NMT) was formed by Nokia. It is the worlds eldest multinational carrellular network.At the end of the 1980s, Nokia developed a a common standard for digital mobile telephony which was Global g only overnance for Mobile Communications (GSM). In 1991 Nokia made agreements to come forth GSM networks to nine European countries and by August 1997 Nokia had supplied GSM agreements to 59 operators in 31 countries.During the 1980s, Nokias trading operations rapidly expanded to untried returnion line sectors and products. Nokia was a large goggle box manufacturer and the largest  selective studyrmation applied science company in the Nordic Countries in 1988.Nokias telecommunications and mobile ph iodins divisions supported Nokia during the deep recession in Finland at the beginning of the 1990s. In whitethorn 1992 Nokia changed its channel st placegies to fully focus on telecommunications. The companys 2100 series phone was an amazing success. In 1994, the goal was to sell 500,000 units of phone but Nokia sold 20 million. In 1999, Nokia launches the Nokia 7110. It was a phone that had rudimentary web-based licks, including email. Then in November 2001 Nokia launches its first phone with a built-in camera, the Nokia 7650, and in September 2002 its first video capture phone, the Nokia 3650.In 2005, Nokia sells its billionth phone a Nokia 1100 in Nigeria, and global mob ile phone subscriptions pass 2 billion. Two years later, Nokia is recognised as the fifth most note valued brand in the world.By 2010, smartphone market is suppuration and competitors such(prenominal) as the iPhone and Android-based devices atomic number 18 affecting the sales of Nokia. However, Nokia realises it and is on its authority to beat its competitors.1.2 Mission and StrategyNokias mission is simple Connecting race. Nokia aims to prove keen mobile products that modify billions of people worldwide to enjoy more of what c atomic number 18er has to twirl. Nokias mission statement is powerful. Connecting people from all over the world is what Nokia planned to achieve. The mission statement of Nokia mountain be seen in its logo. Its mission statement is so powerful when people think of Nokia, they depart immediately think of its mission statement. In separate to achieve Nokias mission, Nokia has formed a strategic partnership with Microsoft in the hope to con fiscate smartphone market.Nokia-Microsoft eco scheme leave behind deliver disparateiated and groundbreaking products with unrivalled scale in terms of product breadth, geographical r separately and brand identity. On the virtually other(a)(a)(a) hand, Nokias strategy is to is to leverage its innovation and strength in development markets to connect even more people to their first internet and exercise get it on Nokia exit continue the re briskal of its Series 40 platform in QWERTY, touch & pillow slip, dual SIM, Nokia services, including Maps, Browser, Life Tools, Web apps and Nokia as sanitary develops its summations (platform, softw be, apps) from m to fourth dimension to bring a modern mobile experience to consumers and modify moving in opportunities for developers.1.3 Business forgeEvery company has its own bank line work on in set up to carry out its business activities such as supplying, managing, production as well as sales in order to ach ieve the companys goals. The selfsame(prenominal) goes to Nokia Company. People ar grave to any governance as they atomic number 18 the asset of all the company while guests are equally vital as without them, the company exit not be able to sustain the business. In Nokia, the screwment of people or employees is stressed. Nokia go for ups gentleman Resource focussing musical arrangement to manage its company military unit. On the other hand, to manage a approximate benignant relationship with the customers, Customers Relationship oversight (CRM) which is under companionship centering brass section is utilise.As in intend for Nokias coming(prenominal) plans, Decision co-occurrence carcass (DSS) which is under Knowledge focusing strategy is used to serve well buss to bring in decisions. The managers or leader of Nokia compulsion to make tremendous decisions workaday in operating Nokias business. In order to make Nokias business more productive, publish arrange oversight System is used to interlinked Nokias supplier, manufacturers, sales and logistics fork uprs as well as customers. In conclusion, the business serve well of Nokia is carried out with the encourage of reading engineering science and training musical arrangement.1.4 leading TeamStephen Elop is the President and CEO of Nokia Corporation. He is Nokia Board member since May 3, 2011 and Nokia Leadership Team member and Chairman since 2010. He joined Nokia as President and Chief Executive Officer as of September 21, 2010. He is assisted by Nokias Executive Vice Presidents.2.1 Knowledge focusing (KM) education System2.1.1 IntroductionKnowledge instruction is the discipline virtually(predicate) learning, managing, and using the noesis in terms of people, government, technologies, technique, and other knowledge-based things. As the environs of cell phone industry has become more challenging where Nokia has to face a series of competitor such as Apple. Inc, Sony Ericsson and Samsung Company, adapt into the young business world, survive in the market and make profit. In order to achieve these objectives and correct business actance in this knowledge era, elements such as particular thinking, creative and innovation, technology use, ability and knowledge of employees are extremely important. Therefore, knowledge counseling learning remains is used by Nokia in order to go up the pace of competitors and to improve the value and performance of the organization. Basically, there are three approaches to knowledge focal point which are dodging- supposititious, gentleistic approach as well as sociotechnical approach.i) System theoretical approachSystem theoretical approach is the study of managing the discipline that endure be applied.ii) Humanistic approachHumanistic approach is the study of how to manage the people or employee as well as emphasizing on leadership of either take aim of watchfulness.ii) Sociotechnical appr oachSociotechnical approach is the study of the placement that combines the emoluments that washstand be achieved from both of the previous approaches. Knowledge focal point establishment that have been applied by Nokia is not necessary to be a computer strategy but it batch be the carry through of variant knowledge forethought activity such as organizing and utilizing the development, as well as other business action like strategic provision, lick problem and decision making.Input, change, and OutputBasically, there are three of import elements in this teaching organization which represents the stimulant, process and output of the governing body respectively. These elements are people (input), process (process), and organisation (output).2.1.1 Input (People)The clay bequeath enable Nokia company to form a long term program police squad which will last for one and a half years to amalgamate the members and make sure everyone is on the right path towards the go al. Members are involve to over communicate at every takes and the culture of knowledge share andcollaboration must exist within the group.2.1.2 Process (Process)In the process, a product appraiseonomy will be created to define the circumspection process and the mental object acquisition for every source. In order to ensure all employees are able to access to validate the system, clear use cases are created. During the process, refer metrics such as customer satisfaction, knowledge commission wheel time, and other business aspect are defined. The process of information share-out withal occurs within the group. The process in addition will identify the fitting of Nokia business process.2.1.3 Output (System)The output of the system is the get around performance of business and high ability of Nokias employees which represented by the knowledge prudence system. There is a mirror test system which enables the employee to access for scrutiny as well as the demo of new inf ormation. This knowledge management system emphasize on the stability and efficiency of the employee that lead to higher business performance of Nokia.Diagram 2.1.1 Input, Process and Output of Knowledge way System2.2 append Chain solicitude System (SCM)2.2.1 IntroductionIn order to ensure the entire product delivering process is undergoing correctly in term of date, destination, and quantity, Supply Chain vigilance (SCM) System is used by Nokia. One of the examples is Nokia-China has established an important department called Supply Logistics. Aspects such as production, material planning, resources allocating, inventories management, transfer and other supply mountain range activities are tie in to this department. The modern logistics is being described in term of the process of planning, organizing and compulsive the flow and storage of products and services and these definitions are prompt to ensure customer satisfaction.The logistics activities rump be divided into th ree parts which are supply logistics, business logistics and also sales logistics. The supply fibril management system is an practicable management technology that helps to manage Nokias activities involved from producing a product from raw materials until the delivering of the product or service to the customers. The supply chain management is the expansion version of the integrated management of logistics with the goals to connect suppliers partner, production and customers.2.2.2 InputIn this phase, customer order and the planning of manufacturing element are the master(prenominal) element for the system. The Nokia supply chain management system will receive the customers orders and start the planning of the manufacturing element such as resource preparation and distribution for production. The information about the delivering destination, type of product and quantity also will be identified during input processes.2.2.3 ProcessDuring this stage, the supply chain management will complete the production proposal based on the information retrieved from the input stage. The system will allocate the production work to the available factories and mete out the amount of production based on the factor such as amount of worker and geographical reason. At the same time, the system will now start planning on the load schedule for the product as well as preparing the export quarantine QA form.The system will have to arrange the transportation route such as hand truck on land, cargo ship on sea or the passage on air, based on the location of final destination of products delivered. at once the products are finished, the production department rung will be need to attach a job ticket on the product in term of variance or not variance. Besides that, the system also of necessity to confirm the earnings in order to release the loading of the product as well as ensure the products are in good condition.2.2.4 OutputAfter the finished products are prepared to be d elivered, the system will make the auto billing and perform the tradition declaration. The goods will now be delivered to the final destination of the order via the intractable route based on the efficiency of the route.2.3 Human Resource Management System (HRMS)2.3.1 IntroductionHRMS is the structure and system which is progressing at the joint mingled with human resource management (HRM) and information technology (IT). It combines HRM as a discipline and in precise its basic HR activities and processes with the information technology field, whereas the programming of selective information processing systems evolved into standardized procedures and packages of enterprise resource planning (ERP) software. In Nokia, HRIS helps it to automate and manage their companys activities, including human resource, payroll, and management, bill activities. Throughout the process, HRIS able to allow strategic analysis of delineate business course of instructions for better planning and in formed decision-making.HRM is in guide of appealing, choosing, training, assessment, and rewarding of Nokias employees, also to manage an organizations workforce. HRM also involve in overseeing organizational direction and philosophy, and guaranteeing obedience with employment and labour laws. HRM slew be classifies into five main activities, which are Employee recruit Management, Promotion and Recruitment, Training, Evaluation, Compensation and Benefits Management.1. Employee Record Management(ERM) is an electronic and digitized system which allows Nokia members to modernise key administration tasks in easier modal value without looking back at filing cabinets, spread sheets or other complex processes, for example, using Microsoft Access to keep all personal info in soft copies. ERM keep and organize all personnel records of all organizational members by Human Resource department to satisfy laws requirements, for tax calculation and deposit and periodic describeing.2. Promotion and recruitment of present and new Nokias employees both bath be nominated by automating the process through searching database of applicants and present employees with precise requirements. Announcement of position vacuum cleaner through intranet, that works and supports Web application within organizational network able to reduce time and spending for open recruitment by allowing wide exposure.3. Training of Nokias employees to increase and improve employees knowledge and skills is one of the important flows of Human Resource. Multimedia software training which include 3D virtual reality simulated environment using information technology cuts training costs intensely, at the same time, reduces the risks and time taken in actual and traditional way of training.4. Evaluating performances of Nokias employees periodically by supervisors, because up flow to Human Resource department is important to reexamination individual on the job(p) ability and to analyse approaching p ossibilities and planning. Employees mulish capability, communication skills, professional behaviour and general performance are include using evaluation software to standardize the evaluation process and future comparison.5. Compensation and benefits management that involves in Human Resource management which includes salary, wages, commissions and bonuses get by individual and other benefits such as health and life insurance, and leave days, meanwhile, programs use by HRM could calculate pay and taxes automatically. All these are necessity to encourage and compensate Nokias employees so they would improve and perform better in future, soon generate greater achievements for Nokia.2.3.2 InputsThe input function of HRMS offers the capabilities needed to get the human resource information into HRMS. Some of the main things that must be established are the procedures and processes undeniable to gather the essential data. In other words, they are the how, when and where the data wil l be collected. After collection, data must be entered into the system after classification. Once the data has been inserted, it must be authenticated to guarantee that it is correct. Validation tables may be used to determine if the data is acceptable. The system should have the ability of effortlessly updating and changing the validation table. For example, while open recruiting for new employees, personnel information and resumes are well kept and computerized in accordance to their experiences and performances.2.3.3 ProcessThe process or data maintenance in HRMS function is trustworthy for the actual updating of the data stores in the storage devices. As changes plagiarise in human resource information, these should be attached into the system. As new data is brought into the system, it is often necessary to maintain theold data as future reference. For example, evaluation of employees performance by supervisors are noted and self-collected with constructive upcoming steps a nd suggestions, current salaries fixed and planned maturation of salaries in certain periods, and keep updating the latest information about employees include personal lucubrate.2.3.4 OutputThe output function of an HRMS is the most present one because the majority of HRMS users are not involved with collecting, editing/ authorize and updating data, but they are concerned with the information and constitutions produced by the system. roughly human resource news reports contain of selecting sections of the total population for further assessment, playing some type of calculations, using the population and providing a report containing particular proposition information concerning the particular population and the calculation of results.The demands on the output function are the major factors that affect the specific type of software to be used. For example, departments of company are assessable into database of company with exact and current information enables to ease the pro cess of planning and implementing new ideas and projects, information of talented and undecided employees are displayed when there are vacancy for certain positions.Diagram 2.3.4 Input, Process and Output of Human Resource Management System3.4 info Requirements3.4.1 Knowledge Management SystemThere are three levels of management which are strategic level, middle level, and operational level that need to acquire different information and make different decision based on the levels of management respectively. Examples of the scope of technologies for knowledge management are business intelligence, muniment management, quick agents, knowledge resource directories, groupware and collaboration technologies, and other relate technologies. The below is the information requirement for the three levels of managementsStrategic levelStrategic level of management makes long term planning and decision for the company and a great deal of uncertainty is involved during the process. The kn owledge management information system provides the strategic level management with analytical information such as data mining and data warehousing, and application of other information system such as decision making system, business intelligence, and other related information system. The knowledge management systems improves the usage of these information systems by the members of the organization and retrieve data to make strategic planning and gain private-enterprise(a) advantage. There are some technologies are enabled as well to tally to the strategic planning decision making process such as intelligent agents, data analysis, and reporting tools.Middle level (Tactical Planning)The middle level management that makes tactical planning can retrieve information such as asset management from knowledge management information system. training or skills such as intellectual property, knowledge valuation, knowledge repositories document management, and content management can be acquir ed from the knowledge management system. As an example, the document and content management as well as the knowledge valuation allow middle level management makes better and more precise planning such as working capital, calculates formulating, production scheduling. Tools that can help in this management level are document management tools, knowledge maps and library systems.Operational levelThe knowledge management system plays an important role in this level of management because the system provide information that help to increase Nokias operational workers ability as well as introducing new way to glitter the business operation process and improve efficiency. Types of information that can be retrieved from this system are transactional (case-based reasoning, help desk application, service agent support applications), process (Process cash call forth, lessons learned, methodology, quality management), and developmental (skills development, staff competencies, learning and te aching). The technologies available are process management tools, rule-based expert system and computer based training.3.4.2 Supply Chain ManagementIn Nokia-China , the supply chain management system can help out the performance of the company as the system has the pursuance functioni.) Improve the efficiency and the exchange of information between organization by simplifying the management.ii.) Provide the goods and services to the customers within a short(p)er period of time.iii.) full utilize the available resources.Strategic levelThe information that can be acquired by this strategic level manager are strategic bail formulation, focused customer service analysis, development and refinement of ability and chances where all these information are help in strategic planning. This allows manager makes strategic planning and decision to achieve higher business performance in long term.Tactical levelThere are two type of information that can be acquired from the supply chain managem ent systemi) Decision analysisThe decision analysis information helps Nokias managers to do their planning and scheduling with information like route of transportation, inventory management, network location configuration and also vertical integration with the third party.ii) Management ControlThe management control provides the measurement information such as financial, assets, productivity and quality that enable the manager of Nokia to do effective budgeting and controlling the product quality.Operational levelUnder operational level management, the information that is required are mostly related to the transaction-based information such as order entry, shipping details, pricing and invoicing, order verification and customer inquiry. These information allow Nokias operational manager to make a better performance in especially the production lines as well as increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the production work.3.4.3 Human Resource Information System (HRMS)Strategic le velAt strategic management level of Nokia Company, HRMS is used mainly for formulation of long term plans to make decisions by companys decisions makers, such as Chief Executive Officers and other active stockholders. Information requirement in this level will be external, very wide and aggregate in nature. HRMS is used to improve the organizations consciousness of its surroundings situation and its competitory position in terms of attraction and maintenance of talented individuals that could contribute in its contest of certain industry.HRMS is important in strategic management level for the crown users to access into information, for example the effectiveness, profitability and cost of different departments members, the availability and cost of raising new internal talent pool, total cash need and capital equipment needs to upgrade existing employees and to make decisions whether to increase or reduce costs of human resource in overall. The enterprise far-flung decision support system (DSS) is a HRMS that supports decision at the snuff it management. Here, the HRMS is more interactive and is capable of developing decision models on numerous tactical issues.Tactical levelAt the middle or tactical level, normally derives from informal sources and is collected, evaluated, investigated and measured by the manager personally. HRMS is uses to evaluate and report on the organizations activities such as, over shooting of expenses on overtime payment for employees, estimation of funds by competitors to train and improve their employees, new edict and labour laws, industrial relation HRM trends, and so on.Statistical analyses, predicting, investments, appraisal models by HRM are important for future planning of a company, such as foretell the amount of human resource needed while porta a new franchise company within or extraneous country, how much to invest to generate better production of products and services, and other future planning that relates to other departments. The importance in this level is shifting from electronic data processing level to management information systems (MIS) level with more inquiry and report generation flexibility. This is intended for middle level managers to control operation, matching budget or projection.Operational levelIn operational level, Nokia is interested in mechanizing processing of routine information, where the information required is largely internal, well defined, reduce and detailed. HRIS focuses is on data storage, processing and information flows at operational level of organization. Information required in this level is linking to routine or short term information needs of the organization for example, working hours of part time employees, rate of pay per hour, detail of employees deductions and additions, attendance records of the employees, or daily working syllabus and requirements by supervisors or HRM, with the purpose of wages examines details of the time each man spent on indivi dual work during the hebdomad or month.Due to its capabilities to provide information for processing transaction of the organization, the information system is known as Transaction Processing System or information Processing System. Some examples of information provided by such systems to other departments such as Finance and Production Departments are processing of orders, menu of entries in bank, evaluating overdue purchaser orders etc. In HRMS it is called Electronic Data Processing (EDP) which enables data and files storage. HRMS is mainly accessible by all the operational level operators, but only showing the basic information of each and every of the employees.Management natural process Level Human Resource ManagementStrategic Strategies for recruitment, salary, training, and benefits. abridgment of shift pattern of employment, education and wage rate etc. Tactical Variance analysis in hiring and firing, cost of recruitment, penning of skills inventory, cost of training, s alary paid, and distribution of wage rates. Operational Decision on hiring, training, termination, changing pay rates and issuing benefits. Table 3.4.3Matrixes of Management Activity Level and Human Resource Management (R. Panneerselvam)Chapter 4 Importance of from each one Information System4.1 Importance of Knowledge Management SystemAs the business world is getting more competitive since the advantage of technologies and changing of customer preference and buying trends, company like Nokia need to improve the overall ability of the organization in order to maintain the market status. Effective knowledge management can lead to a greater revolution in business such as bringing innovative elements into business in order to create new innovative product or services. As the knowledge management system can help to improve the ability and knowledge of the workers or managers, therefore, the overall performance of everyone in Nokia can be improved. Eventually, Nokia is able to gain competitive advantage by employing higher knowledge-based worker and achieve greater business performance in the market.4.2 Importance of Supply Chain Management SystemOne of the key factors that enable the company to gain competitive advantage in the market and improve business performance is to have an effective and efficient SCM system to work on daily operations. The SCM system plays an important role in Nokia since it is related to other business activities such as marketing, customer relationship management and product sales. By having a good supply chain management system within the company, Nokia is able to achieve competitive advantage such as low-cost production and value-added service.Diagram 4.2.1 Importance of Supply Chain Management System4.3 Importance of Information System towards governmentAn operative HRIS delivers information on just anything Nokia needs to track and study about employees, former employees, and future employees. With an appropriate HRIS, Nokias H uman Resources staffs enable employees to do their own benefits updates and address changes, thus freeing HR staff for more strategic functions. Additionally, data necessary for Nokias employee management, knowledge development, calling growth and development, equal treatment is facilitated.Finally, Nokias managers can access the information they need to legally, ethically, and effectively support the success of their reporting employees. The Human Resources Information System provides details on administration, payroll, recruitment, and training. This system is expected to deliver of import results to their human resources division and their organization as a whole. It is a critical tool that aids management in making strategic decisions. An HRIS can attest to be useful in the following ways* Management of all Nokias employee information.* Reporting and analysis of Nokias employee information.* Company-related documents such as Nokias employee handbooks and safety guidelines. * Benefits administration comprising enrolment, status changes, and personal information updating.* end up incorporation with payroll and other Nokia monetary software and accounting systems.* candidate tracking and resume management.5.0 Impact of Usage of Information System5.1 wages of Knowledge Management Information SystemFirst of all, the knowledge management system enables the business analysis to collect more precise report in a shorter period of time by retrieving only the important and pertinent information from the documents. The knowledge management system provide more significant advantage to Nokia that business is conducted globally where the system allow the manager from different location to communicate by using the accurate and relevant information that facilitated by the knowledge management system.Besides that, the systems also offer intelligent search which only search for the relevant information that helps the managers in their decision making g process. Furt hermore, knowledge management system also helps to improve Nokias customer services as the system can adapt the customer feedback and provide a better solution or services to the problem faced.5.2 damage of Knowledge Management Information SystemOne of the disadvantages of using the knowledge management system is the inability of the system to consistently deliver the expected performance in term of information retrieving. Other than that, integrating information technology to knowledge management requires betrothal from all aspects of an organization.5.3 Advantage of Supply Chain Management SystemSupply Chain Management System allows Nokia to provide faster responses to customer needs as the advancing information technology able to shorten the time of good product delivering. The system also changes the focus of the operation from forecasting into customer demand which maintain providing efficient service at the same time. The system also using small variation of management i n order to be fault-tolerance in case the unexpected accident or any price to the system occurs. The examples of the events are the delay of receipt issue, damage of material or product and incorrect deliver destination. Other than that, the system also maintains the low inventory level with the aim to step-down the consequence of stock and material as well as improved the swage rate to ensure the fully utilization of the stock.In term of parsimony cost in transportation, the system has made an innovative change which gathers the shipment of small quantities with great quantities of integrated transport where this change will decrease the cost of transportation. As the system has strengthen the requirements of quality of the product and the improvement on quality control, production process are controlled well to make sure no damage is occurred and the quality of the product is maintain onwards delivered to customers. There will be reduction ascertains in the inventory that a ttributed to the use of supply chain information system. The company can actually use the saved money from the reduction to spend it in other resources.5.4 Disadvantage of Supply Chain Management SystemEven though the usage of the supply chain management is able to bring out a lot of advantages to Nokia, yet there are still some barriers or disadvantages. In order to create a great-performance and high-security supply chain management system, a large amount of investment of time and money is required to be made into aspect such as machinery, customer needs, shipping planning and supplier selection.5.5 Advantage of Human Resource Management SystemHuman resource management system is a system that human resource department used to manage the process of recruitment and keep all the date and records of all the employees under Nokia company. There are a lot of benefits can be obtain from this system. A case in point, all the data and records are gathered together in one system for externa l as well as internal use. By this way, it allows the management team to easily access to the details of each and every single employee in their company. Besides that, this system also makes use of the advance of technology with the big storage of data that can store thousands or millions of employees data and records.Furthermore, the information in the human resources management system are more accurate compare to the manually records data. There will be no changes or errors made after all the details are key in. Besides that, the data can only be access by the members allowed with high privacy and password. As such, this system can protect the privacy of the information of their company. In addition, not only the managers, the employees can also get all the human resources information in a high speed and not need to personally go to the human resources department to ask for the information needed.5.6 Disadvantage of Human Resource Management SystemOn the other hand, there are also some disadvantages of this system. Although everything can be computerize, but human error might occurs during the process of input. There might be some typing errors or rail at information that key in into the wrong profile. Therefore, the person in charge has to beware of these mistakes to be happened. Next, the technology of this system has to be upgraded as there might be not enough application to support the system of the current human resources needs. This upgrading of the technology might cause to the increment of expenses happen as the system upgrades are very costly. Last but not least, the demands of the expertise in the information technology are high and these expertises are getting lesser and lesser. It is being more difficult to find a qualified person in this field.Chapter 6 ConclusionIn a nutshell, information technology (IT) is important to all organization in order to attain competitive advantages and success in the competitive world. Nokia deducts the impor tance of utilizing IT and wherefore Nokia involves the use of IT in the company.Information system helps Nokia to make decisions in strategic, tactical and operational levels of Nokia. We get to understand why information system is so important nowadays and why is it there is a growing trend of people or organization using IT. In Nokia, Knowledge Management (KM) System helps it to learn, manage and use the knowledge of people, organization, technologies, technique as well as other knowledge-based stuffs. On the other hand, Supply Chain Management (SCM) System helps Nokia to manage the activities from procurement of products to handling Nokias products to the customers.Resource Management (HRM) System helps Nokia to manage its personnel in a better way. From this assignment, we understand that information technology (IT) helps Nokia in surviving in the competitive cell phone industry. IT helps a company to remain competitive in the growing competitive market. Now we understand why N okia can remain competitive in the market as Nokia utilize massively information technologyReferences1. Dresser & Associates, Inc (2012) What is a Human Resources Information System (HRIS)?. (online) (cited 11 impair 2012) lendable from http//www.dresserassociates.com/what-is-hris.php 2. eNotes (2012) Human Resource Information Systems. (online) (cited 11 bollocks up 2012) Available from http//www.enotes.com/human-resource-information-systems-reference/human-resource-information-systems3. 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Knowledge management and information systems finding a sociotechnical golden mean (online)Nokia Research Center (cited 17 Mar 2012)Available from http//www.knowledgeboard.com/download/629/KM_IS.pdf 10. R. Panneerselvam. (2005) Production and Operations Management, 2nd Ed.,New Delhi Pertice-Hall, p.3. 11. Techriz.com (2009) techriz.com-Week-1-Systems Analysis and Design Complete Tutorial for Software Engineering. (online)(cited 20 Mar 2012) Available from http//www.techriz.com/SA-Week-1.html

Havisham

The themes the Duffy is trying to convey is the idea the aggregate brake and physiological damage of a relationship g adept stooping and by a wedding day that was a- boarded ND the devastating sham on the bride who was left standing on her own embarrassed and injure by the failure of her beloved to show up. The idea of society antepast has besides shrouded upon her since she deposet even leave her own house since she is paranoid to the highest degree society expectation of a classic cleaning lady.Society expects a muliebrity to find a man and get matrimonial and confine children and by her non fulfilled societys expectation she has failed at lifes uprightness for a woman thus having a unworthy life by living as a old maid and wasting apart thou a husband. Another idea conveyed is the effect of also being unaccompanied without a partner a lover to sh are your life with. This is reflected by Ms Having who has always been al hotshot and never really had true love and the effects of that how our feelings can go to mutual hatred towards one person whom in their mind destroyed their entire life.The metrical composition is titled Having and not Miss Having. Why? The poem Is titled Having opposed to Miss Having since she doesnt take away the honor being labeled a miss due to turning Into a complete monster. She Is not a lady , shes not proper or has the correct virtue for a typical ladles life. She Is an old hag who has wasted away and is cypher more than than to be called a spinster. Having creates a harsh , violent and unfearing statement reflecting her and ein truththing hes be surface.W here(predicate) as Miss creates a peaceful , calm and relaxed tactual sensation and doesnt reflect her at all. What do you think the poem gains from the images of violence in it? The poem advances with Images of violence from the text since it creates an image of his woman and the extent of her hopelessness and trashed life that took a turn Off cliff and died. The metaphors and imagery shown In the text such as so hard Vive dark discolour pebbles for eyes really gives the audience an Intense Image and shows how she hardened from the wrong and has nothing but venom filled In her veins. Opposition. The feelings of Ms Having are mixed due to the confusion inside and the baffling shes had to deal with to come to terms with the tragedy. The feeling consist o darted and evil towards this man shown through with(predicate) wished him dead hating this man so much to the go on she wished death upon him. liveliness stretching to her love for him expressed minimally for example devout bang showing a more inmate and loving tone.Then creating a more somber tone with the loneliness she has by herself give me a phallic corpse for a capacious slow honeymoon showing the extend that she wants or soone this man so bad that she would replace him with a manful corpse since she realizes that no man would ever want her. The reason for these d ouble star opposite is since that is what we as humans feel mixed emotions , churned up together creating confusion fore her and us. Sometimes the persona imagines the passionate times she could have had with her lover.Which part of the poem nominates this? The poem describes the time she could have had with her lover are shown in many vitrines interchangeable the rig yellowing expressing that she has waited for him all these years and that they shut away could get married and have a fulfilled life together. This is also shown through give me a male corpse for a long slow honey moon expressing that they had the opportunity to go on a beautiful honeymoon together.To what extent does the poem reflect a libber agenda, or even Duffy own feelings at the time of writing? manoeuver the attitudes and values conveyed. To a minimal extent the poem reflects a womens rightist agenda since the poem is directed towards her lover but is shown in some instances like loves hate behind a wh ite veil here the feminist agenda is reflected is the quote since it undermines the institution of arraign and the idea that it is not worth it , a disappointment and alluding to gay and lesbian rights.Another references is shown through spinster since the meaning of the word is a old had and unmarried wasting away without a husband. Hence showing the inequality between men and woman since the term for a unmarried man is bachelor which is viewed in a positive light and being a good thing whereas woman are considered a disappointment by not get married therefore highlighting the feminist agenda.HavishamThe opening line portrays the order of events. Beloved sweetheart bastard. The man she describes was individual special but soon became someone she hated. She has longed for revenge as the reader is told, Not a day since hence I havent wished for him dead. The words prayed also tie in with this deep sitting longing for change. The imagery of her eyes being like Dark parkland pebb les hints to the hardness of stone but also the green is jealousy.She has become confine by obsession thinking, praying and waiting for her fiance. The word Spinster is a one word sentence, almost spat out in distaste. Havisham describes her condition I stink and remember the words refer to her smell from wearing the aforesaid(prenominal) clothes but also the stench of the terrible thing that has happened to her. The events have changed her and there is real sadness and fear behind the words.Her wedding dress is described as yellowing as she questions how she has ended up in this situation. The final part of the previous stanza merges into this third verse and the disjointedness reflects Havishams own distress. This stanza hints that sometimes she can feel happy and when she is bed asleep for a moment it as if she is still with her lover, but the strong words bite awake describe the gnawing pain of having lost a loved one. The dream is only a dream and life is difficult to live w ith.Love is personified and the narrator describes herself as Loves hate behind a white veil Love enjoys hurt her and again this is emphasised with her description of the balloon bursting in my face. Balloons are say to be fun like love but in this instance it becomes something shocking ready to spoil her happiness. Havisham also describes at destroying her wedding cake, I stabbed at a wedding-cake. This describes not only her pain, but the pain she would like to inflict on someone else.The imagery of a honeymoon is coupled with the words male corpse this also shows her unfeeling towards men. She doesnt want something living, she wants something dead. The very last word comes out in a stutter when she negotiation about how a heart b-b-b-breaks this shows sadness and madness at the selfsame(prenominal) time. When she talks about her heart not being the only one that is broken it reminds us of Pip from Great Expectations, shes been hurt and knows how to break a mans heart. In the case of Pip, she wanted to crush his dreams of gaining an education.

The Depression Level of 4th Year College Students

Ac intimacyment The detective proudly acknowledge to the unitarys who back up this research for making it possible to accomplish this factual research. First of all(a) told, the research worker would proudly acknowledge our Almighty God for bestowing us the eternal blessings of knowledge in this research, for securing us from harm at all times and gave us guidance to clear up this research. The research worker would standardizedwise proudly acknowledge our high-priced professor Dr. Maria Rosario E. Monce, for giving enough knowledge to perform and finish this research.This research pull up s allots surely prep atomic number 18 us for the here afterward challenges and it leave help us to become a far to a greater extent obligated and hardworking person. Also, I would also like to give thanks to the quaternate socio-economic class college students of the University of the East for their swift cooperation in answering the research workers belief show. DEDICATION The r esearcher dedicates this survey to her belove family especially to her mamma to visualize her efforts, gratitude, sincerity and closely of all her unending love and taste for all she welcome sacrificed for her. To the researchers friends who gave support and encour hop onment.To the researchers beloved Professor, Dr. Maria Rosario E. Monce, who taught her how to trust herself and to suck up a constructive mindset in biography. Abstract inquiry TitleThe economic crisis aim of quaternate socio-economic class College Students of the University of the East queryerCriselle Joy M. Masungsong Degree Granted bach of Science, Major in Psychology Granting InstitutionCollege of Arts and Sciences, University of the East, manila Research designDescriptive Method answerers50 quaternary class college students statistical Tools UsedT-test for independence samples, Chi-squ are Summary . The hop on of the responders ranges from 18-24 grades old. The answerer with the climb on of 18 birth the frequence of 1 or 2%. The respondents with the suppurate of 19 rent the relative frequence of 16 or 32%. The respondents with the progress of 20 pee-pee the frequence of 19 or 38%. The respondents with the succession of 21 take a shit the frequency of 10 or 20%. The respondent with the eon 22 has the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondent with the succession of 23 has the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondents with the develop of 24 have the frequency of 2 or 4%. 2. The yr take aim is all fourth socio-economic class college students. 3.The number of antheral and feminine respondents is equal. at that place are 25 male respondents and 25 feminine respondents which equals to 50 respondents. 4. The 2 respondents with the hop on of 20 have towering musical noteing take. The 3 respondents with the fester of 19 and 20 have preceding(prenominal) amount low Level. The 9 respondents with the develop of 19, 20, and 21 have bonny get holding Level. The 22 respondents with the days of 19,20,21,23 and 24 have Be rugged fairish imprint Level. The 14 respondents with the age of 19, 20, 21 and 22 have emit impression aim. 5. The effect take aim of quaternate family college students is 3. 7. It meat the respondents have Be let out number slack Level. 6. The mental picture direct of male respondents is 3. 64 which ungenerous they have under clean impression Level. The notion aim of egg-producing(prenominal) respondents is 3. 71 which mean they have on a lower floor intermediate Depression Level. 7. The obtained care for of 25. 13 is dismount than the precise appraise of 36. 42 at the 0. 05 take of importee fitly the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means at that place is no prodigious rest amongst the ages of the quaternate family college students in their first direct. 8. The obtained value of 0. 7 is trim down than the tiny value of 9. 49 at the 0. 05 train of signifi endurece at that placeof the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no signifi spatet deflection in the midst of the genders of the quaternate year college students in their notion level. Conclusion The researcher came up with the following closings 1. The majority of the respondents accord to age in the demographic visibility are 20 geezerhood old. The respondents according to gender in the demographic profile are equal. The respondents according to year level are all 4th year college students. 2.The level of aspecting of 4th year college students by age is the same. The students with the age of 18-24 washbowl have the same falling off level. 3. The level of impression of 4th year college students by gender is the same. The students have downstairs average economic crisis level. The gender burnnot displace the feeling level of 4th year college students. Both male and female usher out have high drop-off, preceding(prenominal) average depressive dis order, average imprint, downstairs average natural falloff and low depression level. 4. The year level of all respondents is the same so it wont have any feeling on the depression level of the respondents. . The obtained value of 25. 13 is lower than the critical value of 36. 42 at the 0. 05 level of signifi plunderce consequently the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no probatory deviance surrounded by the ages of the 4th year college students in their depression level. 6. The obtained value of 0. 57 is lower than the critical value of 9. 49 at the 0. 05 level of implication and so the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no epoch-making difference betwixt the genders of the 4th year college students in their depression level. pass 1.Researcher essential have wider range of research to support her subject and to prove if there is a world-shattering difference in the midst of the depression level of 4th year colleg e students at University of the East-Manila. 2. Add more respondents to be adapted to fill better proof and understanding in depression level of 4th year college students. 3. The researcher should dissect more than just sensation year level. 4. Look for more studies that are related in the researchers topic. 5. Never lag hope. 6. Depression canister be fought with a positive outlook in life and control to yourself. Chapter 1 hassle and its backdrop IntroductionDepression has been recognized as a common disease. Itis a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can light upon a persons thoughts, behavior, feelings and bodily well-being. Depressed plurality whitethorn feel sad, anxious, empty, hopeless, helpless,worthless, guilty, irritable, or restless. They may lose interest in activities that once were pleasurable, experience loss of appetite or overeating, or problems concentrating, remembering details or making decisions and may mull or attempt suicide. Insomnia, excessive sleeping, fatigue, loss of energy, or aches, pains or digestive problems that are resistant to treatment may be stand for.Depression can croak for years and can end up people in mental hospitals. both(prenominal)(prenominal) apply to say their dismay but they precisely feel sad. Too ofttimes and too long sadness can become depression. This research de fictional character contain factual information regarding the depression degree of peoples current state of adolescence and young adults. At this age is the beginning of severe and complicated trials anchored with different types of invalidating elements such as temptation, greed or jealousy in their journey to adulthood, this is also the stage of building wholenesss selves hidden talent and hammer of who they pass on become in the future.Background of the mull over The researcher used more sources and books to conclude and finish the study. So many time was given and insomniac nights to endure. Complete un derstanding was used in the research to have a good result. Depression was called melancholia many years ago. The name was changed and become clinical depression, major depression or simply depression and commonly referred to as major depressive disorder by many health care professionals. in that respect is no single cause for depression.Many factors play a role including genetics, environment, life regular(a)ts, medical conditions, and the modality people react to things that happen in their lives. Research shows that depression runs in families and some people inherit genes that fox them more likely to get depressed. Not everyone who has the genetic makeup for depression gets depressed, though. Some can get depress even if they dont have genetic makeup for depression. The death of a family member, friend, or pet can go beyond normal grief and sometimes lead to depression.Other difficult life events, such as when parents divorce, separate, or remarry, can trigger depression. s cour events like sorrowful or changing schools can be emotionally challenging enough that a person becomes depressed. For some teens, a negative, melodic lineful, or unhappy family atmosphere can affect their self-esteem and lead to depression. This can also include high-stress living situations such as poverty homelessness and vehemence in the family, relationships, or community. Substance use and abuse also can cause chemical changes in the brain that affect mood lcohol and some drugs are known to have depressant sets. The negative social and individualised consequences of substance abuse also can lead to severe unhappiness and depression. Certain medical conditions can affect hormone balance and therefore have an effect on mood. Some conditions, such as hypothyroidism, are known to cause a depressed mood in some people. When these medical conditions are diagnosed and treated by a doctor, the depression ordinarily disappears. Theoretical mannequin The researcher was able to search well-nigh Becks Depression Inventory (BDI, BDI-II), created by Dr. Aaron T.Beck, is a 21-question multiple-choice self-report inventory, one of the most widely used instruments for measuring the bad weather of depression. Also, the researcher was able to study closely Aaron Becks Cognitive Theory of Depression. Different cognitive behavioral theorists have developed their own unique twist on the Cognitive way of hark backing. tally to Dr. Aaron Beck, negative thoughts, generated by impaired beliefs are typically the basal cause of depressive symptoms. A direct relationship occurs between the amount and scratchiness of someones negative thoughts and the severity of their depressive symptoms.In other words, the more negative thoughts you experience, the more depressed you will become. Beck also asserts that there are one-third main impaired belief themes (or schemas) that dominate depressed peoples thinking 1) I am imperfect or inadequate, 2) All of my experiences result in defeats or tell onures, and 3) The future is hopeless. Together, these three themes are described as the Negative Cognitive Triad. When these beliefs are present in someones cognition, depression is very likely to occur (if it has not already occurred).Becks main argument was that depression was instituted by ones view of oneself, instead of one having a negative view of oneself due to depression. This has large social implications of how we as a group perceive each other and relate our dissatisfactions with one another. Abela and DAlessandros (2002) study on college admissions is a good example of this phenomenon. In their study they found that the students negative views about their future strongly controlled the interaction between dysfunctional attitudes and the increase in depressed mood.The research clearly endorse up Becks claim that those at encounter for depression due to dysfunctional attitudes who did not get into their college of choice then doubted their fu tures, and these thoughts lead to symptoms of depression. on that pointfore, the students self-perceptions became negative by and by failing to get into college, and many showed signs of depression due to this thinking. Conceptual Framework InputProcessOutput The diagram shows how the study is being conducted. The 4th year college students are the commutative shifting and the level of depression is the dependent variable.To determine whether the independent variable really affects the dependent variable, a depression test is processed. Statement of the Problem 1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents according to their 1. hop on 2. sexuality 3. Course/Year? 2. What is the level of depression of the respondents? 1. Is there significant difference between the depression level of male and female adolescents? 2. Is there significant difference between the ages of adolescents in their depression level? 3. Is there significant difference between the year level of adoles cents in their depression level?Hypotheses Null There is no significant difference between the level of depression of male and female 4th year college students in the University of the East Manila. There is no significant difference between the ages of 4th year college students in their level of depression? There is no significant difference between the year level of 4th year college students in their level of depression? alternative There is a significant difference between the level of depression of male and female 4th year college students in the University of the East Manila.There is a significant difference between the ages of 4th year college students in their level of depression? There is a significant difference between the year level of 4th year college students in their level of depression? premiss Females are more polished than males. Female thinks too much which leads to stress and with prolonged problems and sadness, depression is developed. Male doesnt think too muc h about their problems in life. They just play computer games or do their interest to help themselves and make their sadness fade. The researcher will take for granted that females have higher depression level than males.Significance of the study This study will help to guide the readers on understanding of what is really depression, the main causes of depression especially at their age and understanding the theoretical studies of depression that will broaden the concept of readers regarding the topic of this research. The consequence of this study will make a person aware of their Depression level and whether they have low/high depression level. The researcher will help the respondents in improve and knowing what to do for their selves. Scope and Delimitation of the StudyThis study limits its respondents to 50 4th year college students. These 50 persons are students in University of the East Manila, specifically ranging from age of 18 up to 24 years old. The researcher provided definitions, backgrounds about the study, tests, reasons and preventions, computations and frameworks. Definitions Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can affect a persons thoughts, behavior, feelings and physical well-being. Becks Depression Inventory is a 21-question multiple-choice self-report inventory, one of the most widely used instruments for measuring the severity of depression.Insomnia (or sleeplessness) is most often defined by an individuals report of sleeping difficulties air It refers to the consequence of the failure of an organism human or other animate being to respond adequately to mental, emotional, or physical demands, whether actual or imagined. Themes (or schemas) are a mental structure that represents some aspect of the world. Chapter 2 freshen OF RELATED LITERATURES AND STUDIES According to the article of Hopelessness, Family Stress, and Depression among Mexican-Heritage Mothers in the Southwest make by Flavio F.Marsiglia, Steph en Kulis, Hilda Garcia Perez, and Monica Bermudez-Parsai Hopelessness is conceptualized as an individuals negative expectancy regarding the future, and it is characterized by negative emotions, pessimistic predictions, and loss of pleasure in life (Beck. Weissman,Lester, , 1974 Heilemann, Coffey-Love, , 2004). Hopelessness is the expectation that negative outcomes are inevitable or that positive outcomes will not develop. These expectations are paired with the feeling that one cannot do anything to change the future (Abela, Gagnon, &038 Auerbach, 2007).Individuals who are pessimistic about the causes and consequences of events and who tend to ascribe negative self-characteristics after negative events have been found to be more at risk for hopelessness and depression (Brozina &038 Abela, 2006). According to the article of Wayne Katon, Jurgen Unutzer, and Joan Russo, patients with major depression have a great deal of heterogeneity in the level of depression severity, number of earl ier episodes, comorbidity with dysthymia, anxiety disorders, chronic medical disorders and chronic ain, comorbidity with constitution disorders and maladaptive coping styles (such as high levels of neuroticism), and socioeconomic status. Chapter 3 investigate METHODOLOGY This chapter shows the information and further make clear of the present study. This part include the research design, the determination of the sample size, sampling design and technique, the translation of the subjects, the research instrument, and validation of the instrument, data gathering and procedure, data processing rule acting and the statistical treatment of data. RESEARCH DESIGNIn this study, the researcher used the descriptive method as the research design to present the study. This method shows the different sides and the nature of the study. The researcher will measure the variables depression level, age, gender and the year level and determine the nature and difference between them. SAMPLING DESI GN AND proficiency In selecting the respondents of the study, the researcher used the convenience sampling method. The researcher asked the cheering of the selected students from 4thy year college students from the University campus. THE SUBJECTSThe researcher gathered respondents from 4th year college students of the University of the East to coif as samples in the said study. THE official document OF THE STUDY The instrument used by the researcher was a self-constructed test of Depression test. panel 1 The table shows the level of Depression base on their weighted mean. crocked Score oral exposition 1. 00-1. 80 mettlesome Depression 1. 1-2. 60 Above median(a) Depression 2. 61-3. 40 come Depression 3. 41-4. 20 beneath just Depression 4. 21-5. 00 down(p) Depression VALIDATION OF THE INSTRUMENT USEDThe Depression test was face-validated by Dr. Maria Rosario E. Monce and went through several modifications. treatment OF THE DATA 1. The statistical treatmen t of the data that was used in the study is the plowshare, weig Formula for weighted mean X=? X N Where ?X= summarize pilesN= Number of respondents 2. Formula for the computation of t-test for 2 independent samples. t= X1-X2Where vS1 S2X1 / X2= means of independent samples +N1 / N2= essence of samples N1 N2S= standard deviation S=? X12-(? X1)2 + ? X22-(? X2)2d. f. = N1 + N2 2 N1 N2 N1+N2-2 3. Formula for Chi square, a test of relationship/difference.X2= (fo-fe)2E= R x Kd. f. = (R-1) (K-1) fe T WhereWhere fo= observed frequencyR= total row scores fe= expected frequencyK= total column scores T= total scores Weighted mean, T-test and Chi-square Chapter 4 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data The researcher finished the table after gathering all the data needed. These tables show the results and serve as the tool to clearly understand the study. 1. Demographic profile of the respondents according to the following get across 1. 1 Frequency and Percentage dispersal of t he Respondents According to Age Age Frequency Percentage 18 1 2% 19 16 32% 20 19 38% 21 10 20% 22 1 2% 23 1 2% 24 2 4% make sense 50 100% The table above shows the age of the respondents ranging 18 to 24 years old, the age that accumulated the largest frequency is the 20 years old which has total 19 and percentage of 38%. Then the lowest frequency is the 18, 22 and 23 years old which has only 1 and percentage of 2%. The other frequency are the 19 years old which has the frequency of 16 and percentage of 32% and the 21 years old which has frequency of 10 and percentage of 20%. Also, the 24 years old this has frequency of 2 and percentage of 4%. The overall frequency is 50 and with the percentage of 100%. Table 1. 2 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents According to Gender Gender Amount Percentage M 25 50% F 25 50% 50 100% The table above shows the number of female and male respondents. The number of female and male respondents is equal. Table 1. 3 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents According to Year/Level Year/Level Frequency Percentage Fourth Year 50 100% resume 50 100% The table above shows that all of the respondents are 4th year college students with the frequency 50 and percentage of 100%. 2. Level of depression of the respondents. Table 2 Gained Weighted Mean and Verbal Interpretation Respondent Mean Score Verbal Interpretation 1-50 3. 67 at a lower place fairish Depression The table above shows that the level of depression of the 50 respondents was in the verbal interpretation of Below second-rate Depression. 3. Significant difference between the depression level of male and female adolescents. Table 3 T-value obtained by the respondents in the depression test d. f. Obtained Value Critical Value finding 48 0. 3 2. 0126 No significant difference Since the obtained value of 0. 33 is lower than the critical value of 2. 0126 at the 0. 05 level of implication therefore the researcher a ccepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the male and female 4th year college students in their depression level. 4. Significant relationship between gender and age of adolescents to depression. Profile variable star df Obtained Value Critical Value Decision Age 24 25. 3 36. 42 No significant difference Gender 4 0. 57 9. 49 No significant difference Age The obtained value of 25. 13 is lower than the critical value of 36. 42 at the 0. 05 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the ages of the 4th year college students in their depression level. This proves that 4th year students with the age of 18-24 can have the same depression level. Gender The obtained value of 0. 57 is lower than the critical value of 9. 49 at the 0. 5 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference betwee n the genders of the 4th year college students in their depression level. The gender does not affect the depression level of male and female 4th year college students. Chapter 5 Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations In this chapter, the researcher will mainly discuss the summary of the all findings, conclusion and recommendation of the study. Summary 9. The age of the respondents ranges from 18-24 years old. The respondent with the age of 18 have the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondents with the age of 19 have the frequency of 16 or 32%.The respondents with the age of 20 have the frequency of 19 or 38%. The respondents with the age of 21 have the frequency of 10 or 20%. The respondent with the age 22 has the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondent with the age of 23 has the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondents with the age of 24 have the frequency of 2 or 4%. 10. The year level is all 4th year college students. 11. The number of male and female respondents is equal. Th ere are 25 male respondents and 25 female respondents which equals to 50 respondents. 12. The 2 respondents with the age of 20 have High Depression Level. The 3 respondents with the age of 19 and 20 have Above Average Depression Level.The 9 respondents with the age of 19, 20, and 21 have Average Depression Level. The 22 respondents with the age of 19,20,21,23 and 24 have Below Average Depression Level. The 14 respondents with the age of 19, 20, 21 and 22 have Low Depression level. 13. The Depression level of 4th year college students is 3. 67. It means the respondents have Below Average Depression Level. 14. The Depression level of male respondents is 3. 64 which mean they have Below Average Depression Level. The Depression level of female respondents is 3. 71 which mean they have Below Average Depression Level. 15. The obtained value of 25. 13 is lower than the critical value of 36. 42 at the 0. 5 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which mea ns there is no significant difference between the ages of the 4th year college students in their depression level. 16. The obtained value of 0. 57 is lower than the critical value of 9. 49 at the 0. 05 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the genders of the 4th year college students in their depression level. Conclusion The researcher came up with the following conclusions 7. The majority of the respondents according to age in the demographic profile are 20 years old. The respondents according to gender in the demographic profile are equal. The respondents according to year level are all 4th year college students. 8.The level of depression of 4th year college students by age is the same. The students with the age of 18-24 can have the same depression level. 9. The level of depression of 4th year college students by gender is the same. The students have below average depression level. The ge nder cannot affect the depression level of 4th year college students. Both male and female can have high depression, above average depression, average depression, below average depression and low depression level. 10. The year level of all respondents is the same so it wont have any effect on the depression level of the respondents. 11. The obtained value of 25. 13 is lower than the critical value of 36. 42 at the 0. 5 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the ages of the 4th year college students in their depression level. 12. The obtained value of 0. 57 is lower than the critical value of 9. 49 at the 0. 05 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the genders of the 4th year college students in their depression level. Recommendation 7. Researcher must have wider range of research to support her study and to prove if there is a significant difference between the depression level of 4th year college students at University of the East-Manila. 8.Add more respondents to be able to gather better proof and understanding in depression level of 4th year college students. 9. The researcher should study more than just one year level. 10. Look for more studies that are related in the researchers topic. 11. Never lose hope. 12. Depression can be fought with a positive outlook in life and control to yourself. BIBLIOGRAPHY Webiology http//depression. about. com/cs/ diagnosis/l/bldepscreenquiz. htm http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/History_of_depression http//helpguide. org/mental/depression_signs_types_diagnosis_treatment. htm http//kidshealth. org/teen/your_mind/mental_health/depression. html http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Depression_%28mood%29 www. mentalhelp. net www. wikipedia. com http//itl. nist. gov/div898/enchiridion/eda/section3/eda3672. htm extension A Table for the Computation Ta ble of Weighted scads of the Respondents and Verbal Interpretation Male Respondent Weighted Scores Verbal Interpretation 1 3. 22 Average Depression 2 4. 32 low Depression 3 4. 2 Below Average Depression 4 2. 5 Above Average Depression 5 3. 78 Below Average Depression 6 4. 28 low Depression 7 3. 06 Average Depression 8 3. 78 Below Average Depression 9 3. 64 Below Average Depression 10 3. 4 Average Depression 11 3. 78 Below Average Depression 12 3. 48 Below Average Depression 13 4. 26 low Depression 14 3. 68 Below Average Depression 15 4. 36 low Depression 16 4. 22 low Depression 17 3. 2 Below Average Depression 18 3. 28 Average Depression 19 3. 78 Below Average Depression 20 3. 86 Below Average Depression 21 4. 3 low Depression 22 3. 84 Below Average Depression 23 3. 58 Below Average Depression 24 3. 6 Average Depression 25 1. 52 High Depression Female Respondent Weighted Scores Verbal Interpretation 1 4. 2 Below Average Depression 2 3. 02 Average De pression 3 3. 4 Average Depression 4 4. 18 Below Average Depression 5 3. 76 Below Average Depression 6 4. 38 Low Depression 7 3. 72 Below Average Depression 8 3. 88 Below Average Depression 9 3. 8 Below Average Depression 10 4 Below Average Depression 11 3. 2 Average Depression 12 2. 54 Above Average Depression 13 4. 56 Low Depression 14 3. 98 Below Average Depression 15 4. 54 Low Depression 16 3. 8 Below Average Depression 17 4. 14 Below Average Depression 18 4. 6 Low Depression 19 4. 5 Low Depression 20 2. 9 Average Depression 21 4. 3 Low Depression 22 3. Below Average Depression 23 1. 14 High Depression 24 4. 54 Low Depression 25 2. 28 Above Average Depression APPENDIX B Computation for the t-test independent Sample Female X? 2 1 17. 64 2 9. 1204 3 9. 2416 4 17. 4724 5 14. 1376 6 19. 1844 7 13. 8384 8 15. 0544 9 14. 2884 10 16 11 10. 6276 12 6. 4516 13 20. 7936 14 15. 8404 15 20. 0116 16 12. 1104 17 17. 1396 18 21. 16 19 20. 25 20 8. 41 21 18. 49 22 15. 21 23 1. 2996 24 20. 6116 25 5. 1984 Male X? 2 1 10. 3684 2 18. 6624 3 17. 64 4 6. 25 5 14. 2884 6 18. 3184 7 9. 3636 8 14. 2884 9 13. 2496 10 9. 8596 11 14. 2884 12 12. 1104 13 18. 1476 14 13. 5424 15 19. 0096 16 17. 8084 17 15. 3664 18 10. 7584 19 14. 2884 20 14. 8996 21 18. 49 22 14. 7456 23 12. 8164 24 9. 9856 25 2. 3104 T= X? X? pic pic = pic- pic + pic pic N1 N2 N1 + N2 -2 pic= 340. 85. 04 (90. 94) 2 + 360. 182 (92. 62)2 25 25 25+25-2 pic= 340. 85. 04 (8270. 0836) + 360. 182 (8578. 4644) 25 25 25+25-2 = (340. 8504 330. 803344) + (360. 182 343. 138576) 48 = 10. 047056 + 17. 043424 48 = 27. 09048 48 pic = 0. 56 APPENDIX C Computation for Chi square Formula E=R x KX2= (fo-fe)2 T fe WhereWhere E= expected frequencyfo= frequency observed R= total row scoresfe= frequency expected K= total column scores T= total scores Table According to Profile Variable Age Age High Above Average Average Below Average Low Total 18 0 0 0 1 0 1 19 0 2 2 7 5 16 20 2 1 4 8 4 19 21 0 0 3 3 4 10 22 0 0 0 0 1 1 23 0 0 0 1 0 1 24 0 0 0 2 0 2 2 3 9 22 14 50 X2=-25. 13 d. f. = (r-1) (k-1) = (4-1) (4-1) = (3) (3) = 9 C. V. 0. 05= 36. 42 fo fe (fo fe) (fo-fe)2 (fo-fe)2/fe 0 0. 04 0. 04 0. 0016 0. 4 0 0. 64 0. 64 0. 4096 0. 64 2 0. 76 1. 24 1. 5376 2. 023157895 0 0. 4 0. 4 0. 16 0. 4 0 0. 04 0. 04 0. 0016 0. 04 0 0. 04 0. 04 0. 0016 0. 04 0 0. 08 0. 08 0. 0064 0. 08 0 0. 06 0. 06 0. 0036 0. 6 2 0. 96 1. 04 1. 0816 1. 126666667 1 1. 14 -0. 14 0. 0196 0. 017192982 0 0. 6 0. 6 0. 36 0. 6 0 0. 06 0. 06 0. 0036 0. 06 0 0. 06 0. 06 0. 0036 0. 06 0 0. 12 0. 12 0. 0144 0. 12 0 0. 18 0. 18 0. 0324 0. 8 2 2. 88 -0. 88 0. 7744 0. 268888888 4 3. 42 0. 58 0. 3364 0. 098362573 3 1. 8 1. 2 1. 44 0. 8 0 0. 18 0. 18 0. 0324 0. 18 0 0. 18 0. 18 0. 0324 0. 18 0 0. 36 0. 36 0. 1296 0. 36 1 0. 44 0. 56 0. 3136 0. 12727272 7 7. 04 -0. 04 0. 0016 0. 000227272 8 8. 36 -0. 36 0. 1296 0. 015502392 3 4. 4 -1. 4 1. 96 0. 445454545 0 0. 44 0. 44 0. 1936 0. 44 1 0. 44 0. 56 0. 3136 0. 712727272 2 0. 88 1. 12 1. 2544 1. 425454545 0 0. 28 0. 28 0. 0784 0. 8 5 4. 48 0. 52 0. 2704 0. 060357142 4 5. 32 -1. 32 1. 7424 0. 327518797 4 2. 8 1. 2 1. 44 0. 514285714 1 0. 28 0. 72 0. 1584 1. 851428571 0 0. 28 0. 28 0. 0784 0. 28 0 0. 56 0. 56 0. 3136 0. 56 Table According to Profile Variable Gender Gender High Above Average Average Below Average Low Total Male 1 1 5 12 6 25 Female 1 2 4 11 7 25 total 2 3 9 23 14 50 Gender 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1. 5 -0. 5 0. 25 0. 66666666 2 1. 5 0. 5 0. 25 0. 166666666 5 4. 5 0. 5 0. 25 0. 055555555 4 4. 5 -0. 5 0. 25 0. 055555555 12 11. 5 0. 5 0. 25 0. 02173913 11 11. 5 -0. 5 0. 25 0. 02173913 6 6. 5 -0. 5 0. 25 0. 038461538 7 6. 5 0. 5 0. 25 0. 038461538 X2= 0. 57 C. V. 0. 05= 9. 49 Name __________________________________________ Course &038 Year _________________ Age __________ Gender __________ Date _______________ Depression Test Objective Depression test may help you identify any possible depression symptoms that you may be experiencing and whether you should seek a diagnosis or treatment for depression from a qualified doctor or mental health professional. perpetration Examine the following statements and indicate which option best describes or applies to you. As you take the test, answer each question as honestly as possible. 1 MOST OF THE TIME 2 OFTEN 3 sometimes 4 RARELY 5 NEVER 1 2 3 4 5 1 I experience extremes in mood, moving from elated and hyper to deeply depressed. 2 I feel agitated or restless. 3 I feel so guilty that I can barely take it. 4 I feel like there is nothing to look forward to when I ignite up in the morning. 5 I feel that I am not loved by my friends, family, and/or my romantic partner. 6 I think about death. 7 I cannot make up my mind quickly when needed. 8 I only notice the sad or negative headlines. 9 I get mad at myself if I do not a chieve the goals I have set out to reach. 10 I feel anxious when I go out of the house alone. 11 I carry myself up at night thinking about the things going on in my life. 12 I have continual thoughts about ending my life. 1 2 3 4 5 13 I feel bad about myself. 14 I still find a way to blame myself even when forces beyond my control prevent me from reaching a goal. 15 I feel like I will never get over it when things go wrong in my life. 16 I believe that I will not have a happy relationship with anyone. 17 I have a persistent feeling of emptiness. 18 I wake up early in the morning and cannot go back to sleep. 19 I always feel tired and irritable. 20 I feel slowed down (physically or mentally). 21 I feel tired even after a good rest. 22 I tend to think that I am not smart enough when I am struggling in work or in school. 23 I always feel sad and troubled every day. 24 I do not want to tell others when bad things happen to me because the last thing I want is for them to pity me. 25 I overanalyze my relationships with others, finding problems that do not really exist. 26 I feel like crying for no apparent reason. 27 I have problem in concentrating and remembering things to do. 28 I cannot forgive myself if I fail to achieve what I have set out to do. 29 I feel that I do not deserve to be loved. 30 I feel like ending my life. 31 I cannot take care to get started on important projects or tasks I need to take care of. 32 I have been called overly sensitive. 33 I act based on what others will think of me, rather than based on how I would really like to proceed. 34 I am (or I have been told that I am) unusually irritable. 35 I feel physically weak. 36 I cannot take care of myself and of those who depend on me. 37 I feel that I am unlovable or unattractive. 38 I am not cont ented in my life. 39 I feel like I am hurting people by just being around. 40 I mess up everything I touch. 41 I cannot think as clearly as ever. 42 I do not get pleasure anymore out of most (or all) of the things and activities that I used to enjoy. 43 I keep failures and disappointments to myself to avoid being judged by others. 1 2 3 4 5 44 I feel worthless. 45 I am so tired that I cannot carry on with my usual activities. 46 I feel that nobody listens to any of my sentiments. 47 I calorie-free my concentration to everything I do. 48 I tend to be sensitive in interactions with others, noticing even the subtlest insult or mocking tone of voice. 49 I have lost/gained weight without trying to. 50 I feel there is something seriously wrong with me. Bibliography http//www. essons4living. com/depression_test2. htm http//www. queendom. com/tests/access_page/index. htm? idRegTest=1123 http//ww w. findingstone. com/services/tests/depressiontest. htm Scoring 1. 1. 80 = High Depression 1. 81 2. 60 = Above Average Depression 2. 61 3. 40 = Average Depression 3. 41 4. 20 = Below Average Depression 4. 21 5. 00 = Low Depression &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212 Depression Level High Above Average Average Below Average Low Depression Test 4th year college students in the University of the East Manila -0. 07 0. 211660104 3. 64 3. 71 pic 25 25 -0. 07 pic O. V. = 0. 33 C. V. = 2. 0106 0. 33 -0. 07 pic

The Importance of Lipoproteins and How They Effect Our Body and Through Lifestyle Decisions How Cardiovascular Disease Can Be Prevented and or Controlled.

Hertig,Kathleen(1) The Importance of Lipoproteins and How They Effect Our Body and by Lifestyle Decisions How Cardiovascular Disease Can Be Prevented and or Controlled. non-water-soluble in water lipoids can be defined. To move lipids like dipper acid, triacylglycerols, steroids and fat soluble vitamins within the business line germ plasm, a mover protein is needed. locomote from the adipose tissue to the muscle, feeling and colored tissues by serum albumin atomic number 18 roly-poly acids. Moved by the retinol binding protein is Vitamin A.There be steroid moverproteins that move steroids to the aimed cells. Majority of the bodys lipids(phospholipids, triacylglycerols and cholesterin), ar move in the plasma by big complexes called lipoproteins. Lipoproteins makeup a pore part of aquaphobic lipids encompassed by a shell of phosphotidyl glycerols and proteins. Protein parts of lipoproteins solubilize the aquaphobic lipids and include the cell targeting signals. Assorted according to their dumbness ar lipoproteins .The smallest niggard pedigreess lipoprotein ar the chylomicrons proceeded by the chylomicron remnants, very small density lipoproteins VLDLs, medium density lipoproteins, IDLs, small density lipoproteins, LDLs, and big density lipoproteins, HDLs. The densities of these lipoproteins are correlated to the sexual relation parts of lipids to proteins in the complex. The bigger the protein amount the larger the density of the lipoprotein. (www. tamu. edu/ cleverness/bmiles/lectures/Lipid%20Transport. pdf). Chylomicrons Moved from the intestinal mucosa cells to other tissues by lipoproteins that are referred to as chylomicrons, which are dietary lipids.Chlyomicrons are big and have the smallest protein to lipid ratio and therefore have the smallest density of all the lipoproteins. Chylomicrons include phospholipids and proteins on the surface so that the hydrophilic surfaces are in touch with water. The hydrophobic molecules are encompasse d in the interior. The major apoproteins of parturient chylomicrons are apo B-48, apo A-I, apoA-II and apoA-IV. In circulation, the nascent chylomicrons acquire apo-C and apo-E fromplasma HDL in replacement for phospholipids. The acquisitionof apo-CII fromHDL is substantial to start up lipoprotein lipase,LPL.Chylomicrons tie up to tissue layer bound lipoprotein lipases (LPLs). Lipase, LPL are placed on adipose and muscle tissues where the triacylglycerols are hydrolyzed into rich acids. The fatso acids are locomote into the adipose cell where they are again recombined into triacylglycerols and kept. In the muscle, the rich acids are oxidized to give energy. As the tissues soak up the productive acids, the chylomicrons bit by bit become smaller until they are decreased down to cholesterol enriched remains. As the chylomicron becomes smaller it moves a good portion of its phospholipids and apoproteins A and Cto HDL.The apo C proteins are continuously turned among chylomicro ns and HDL. The remains missing apo A and C proteins will not bind to the LPLs in the capillaries. The remains are ladened up by the liver. Chylomicrons tie up to Lipoprotein Lipases in the capillaries of the tissues. Apo-CII is needed Hertig,Kathleen(2) to convert the LPLs. The LPLs hydrolyze the fatty acid ester bonds freeing glycerol and free fatty acids. The fatty acids are soaked up by the endothelial cells that line the capillary.LPL is serine esterase that is located mostly in muscle and adipose tissue. LPL is discharged proscribed of the cell and is shifted to the lumenal surface of the endothelial cells lining the capillary where it is fastened to heparin sulfate. LPL is the most important enzyme responsible in the processing of chylomicrons and VLDLs. (dietheartpublishing. com/node/282). actually Small Densisty Lipoproteins The liver combines fatty acids and cholesterol and wraps them up for movement into the blood plasma in VLDLs. The cholesterol is unesteried and ins tituted as a surface function of the lipoprotein.A large cholesterol diet changes the composition of the VLDL with cholesteryl esters replacing for triacylglycerols as the major constituent of the lipid make up. The major apoprotein is B-100. The liver discharges VLDLs via exocytosis. VLDLs undergoes restate changes in the plasma. First, the nacent VLDL obtains apo C and E fromHDL. VLDLs ties up to the same membrane bound lipoprotein lipases (LPLs) on adipose and muscle tissues where the triacylglycerols are hydrolyzed into fatty acids. The fatty acids are moved into the adipose cell where they are again recombined into triacylglycerols and kept.In the muscle, the fatty acids are oxidized to give energy. As the tissues soak up the fatty acids and monoacylglycerols, the VLDLs gradually become smaller making IDLs. As the VLDL becomes smaller it moves a good amount of its phospholipids and apoprotein C to HDL. IDLs can adhere to receptors of liver cells where they are soaked up in a manner to chylomicrons, or they can moreover be catabolized by LPLs, lastly unbinding apo-E to form LDLs. LDL,a cholesterol abundant lipoprotein which makes up apo B-100. LDL is the major plasma cholesterol mover. The immersion of LDLs dead correlates with coronary heart disease.LDL is sometimes referred to the bad cholesterol. Transporter of plasma cholesterol to the tissues is LDL. It serves as a source of cholesterol for the majority of the tissues of the body. over size of it levels of LDL are connected with the forming of atherosclerotic plaques that block blood vessels land about heart attacks and strokes. (http//www. sciencedaily. com/articles/l/low_density_lipoprotein. htm) Small Density Lipoproteins LDLs tie to detail cell receptors found on the plasma membrane of aimed cells Glycoprotein is the LDL receptor that has a terra firma with negative charged residues.The LDL binding domain has inactive interactions withthe positively charged arginine and lysine residues of apo-B100. LDL receptors go to areas of the plasma membrane that are especially for endocytosis called pelageed pits. They get the name coated pits be bm of the clatharin protein coat on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. When the LDL ties to the receptor, the clathrin proteins advances endocytosis. When the vesicle is in the cell, the clathrin voluntarily separates from the endosomal vesicle.PH of the vesicle is decreased to such that LDL separates from the receptor. LDL receptors are reborn to a reusable material to the cell surface. The vesicle combines with a lysosome which indeed lowers the lipoprotein to its main components, amino acids, cholesterol, glycerol and fatty acids. The cholesterol is merged into Hertig,Kathleen(3) the intracellular cholesterol pool which is utilized for the membrane. (http//www. sciencedaily. com/articles/l/low_density_lipoprotein. htm) Large Density Lipoproteins execute by the liver and intestinal cells are HDLs.Disk shaped, but they becom e weighty as they obtain free cholesterol from cell membranes and triacylglycerols from other lipoproteins are nascent HDLs. The major function of HDLs is to eliminate excess cholesterol and hold the excess to the liver to be metabolized into bile salts. The duty of cholesterol emptying from the tissues is the inverse relationship between the plasma concentration of HDLs and the prevalence of heart diseases. Commonly known as the good cholesterol HDL. It is the mover of plasma cholesterol back to the liver. Enzymes that brook either esterify cholesterol or move cholesteryl esters are HDLs.Enzyme that circulates with HDL is Lechithin-cholesterol(LCAT)that catayzes the movement of long chain fatty acids from phospholipids to cholesterol to make cholesteryl esters. The lipid core of the Cholesteryl esters occupy HDL . Facilitation, property and movement of excess cholesterol is LCAT. It is activated by apo A-I. Exchanged between lipoproteins are Cholesteryl esters. Cholesteryl est er transfer protein (CETP) which is another protein that circulates HDL. Promotion the net movement of cholesterol esters from HDL to LDL, IDL and VLDL in exchange triacylglycerols is CETP.By this process, it converts VLDLs and IDLs into LDLs. HDLs increase in size they gain apo-E which enlarges the binding of the HDL heads to receptors in the liver. The liver then soaks up and catabolizes HDL. (www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmed/2642759 ). Dietary Considerations for measure and Reduction of Cardiovascular Disease Vegetable oils that contain trans fatty acids should be removed from diets because of their correlation to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Saturated fats should be consumed in moderation in order to hold in or prevent cardiovascular disease. An even better combination would be ono-unsaturated and poly-unsaturated fats in place of saturated fats to reduce risk of cardiovascular diease. (Willett). A lifestyle of modifying risk factors can prevent and or control chop py cardiac death in in women. These factors would include not partaking in tobacco product use, weight that is healthy and maintained, and a diet that does not include any trans fat and limited saturated fat (Chiuve, Fung, Rexrode, Spiegelman, Manson, Stampfer and Albert). not enough Vitamin D in our diet can negatively marrow our musculoskeletal system and health. Since our heart is part of this system it can burden our cardiovascular health as well.Parathyroid hormone levels become increased with Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency. This creates a chain reaction of events, insulin resistance becoming worse, which could cause systemic inflamatory process, high blood pressure, enlargement of left ventricle and diabetes. increase cardiovasular death, there is a correlation with it and decreased levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. ( Shapees and Manson). Work Cited Adherence to a Low-Risk, Healthy Lifestyle and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death Among Women Stephanie E. Chiuve, ScD, Teresa T. Fung, ScD, Kathryn M. Rexrode, MD, miles per hour, Donna Spiegelman, ScD, JoAnn E.Manson, MD, DrPH, Meir J. Stampfer, MD, DrPH, Christine M. Albert, MD, MPH JAMA. Carl S. Swisher Library. 2011306(1)62-69. doi10. 1001/jama. 2011. 907. Web. 6, April 2013. www. dietheartpublishing. com/node/282. Web. 6, April 2013. Dietary fats and coronary heart disease. Detail moreover Available (includes abstract) Willett WC Journal of Internal Medicine,Carl S Swisher Library, CIANL. 2012 Jul 272 (1) 13-24. (journal article review) ISSN 0954-6820 PMID 2258305. Web. 6, April 2013. www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmed/2642759. Web. 6, April 2013. http//www. sciencedaily. com/articles/l/low_density_lipoprotein. htm.Web. 6 April 2013 www. tamu. edu/faculty/bmiles/lectures/Lipid%20Transport. pdf. Web. 6,April 2013. Vitamin D Supplementation for Cardiovascular Disease PreventionReply Sue A. Shapses, PhD, JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPH JAMA. Carl S. Swisher Library. 2011306(14)1546-1548. doi10. 1001/jama. 2011 . 1466. Web. 6 April 2013. Paper titlehebdomad 5 Part B Paper ID318310799 Authorhertig, kathleen The plagiarisation detector has analyzed the following text segments, and did not find any instances of plagiarism Text being analyzed Result binding domain has electrostatic interactions withthe positively charged arginine and OK cquisitionof apo-CII fromHDL is substantial to start up lipoprotein lipase,LPL OK lipoproteins VLDLs, medium density lipoproteins, IDLs, small density lipoproteins, LDLs, OK concentration of LDLs absolutely correlates with coronary heart disease OK Majority of the bodys lipids(phospholipids, triacylglycerols and cholesterol), are moved OK better combination would be mono-unsaturated and poly-unsaturated fats in OK Dietary Considerations for Prevention and Reduction of Cardiovascular Disease OK Vitamin D Supplementation for Cardiovascular Disease PreventionReply OK Results No plagiarism suspected

Interpersonal relationship Essay

Interpersonal CommunicationSeptember 15, 2013Interpersonal communication check When chafe Met pass When chafe first meets Sally, they look really diametrical. From the truly(prenominal) beginning scene, they argue as they have different perspectives on the opposite-sex virtuosoships. Nonetheless, they lastly become good friends afterward they self-disclose their intimate information to each new(prenominal). However, after their unlooked-for sex, their family relationship becomes awkward. In the end, Harry finally finds let out that he loves Sally and reveals his feelings. Over the course of their relationship in the movie When Harry Met Sally, Knapps defends of interpersonal communication develop and change. Knapp defines the stage of initiation as conversation openers. Harry and Sally encounter each other in an unpleasant fashion. Sally finds him kissing his girlfriend. Obviously, they are not interested in each other at first as Harry has a girlfriend and Sally is a good friend of her. As a result, they do not really greet in the car. Sally tells Harry that they are just carpool partners. While driving to New York City, they discuss about opposite-sex friendship. This scene falls into the experimenting stage. From this scene, Harry and Sally string to know remediate of each others different characteristic. Harry thinks that it is impossible to pitch a true opposite-sex friendship because sex part always gets in the way. Sally argues him that she does not have sexual interest to her male friends. iodine of Knapps four purposes of experimenting stage is that it can be an audition for a future friendship or a way of increasing the celestial orbit of a current relationship. Harry and Sallys relationship does not develop further because they do not find each other attractive in the experimenting stageAfter five years, they meet in the airport and take same plane. At this sentence, Harry is going to get married and Sally is in a relationship. When Harry asked Sally, she refuses to have dinner party with him. Another five years later, they meet in the book store. twain of them are not in the relationship anymore. As they share the news, their relationship starts in the experimenting stage again. At this time, they are really getting enveloping(prenominal) and their relationship proceeds further. Self-disclosure plays a major role in the emergence of their relationship. When they met at the airport, Sally did not destiny to talk to him. However, when they met in the bookstore, they tell their intimate information, Sallys breakup with her boyfriend and Harrys separation, to each other. They could understand each other as they shared their feelings and weakened hearts. From this point of view, Self-disclosure really helped their relationship to develop further. However, their relationship jumps around to debaring stage because they misunderstand their feelings toward each other. At New Years eventide party, Harry dances with Sally.Until this point, they are really good friends to each other. Eventually, they find out themselves in a relationship mood. However, being a good friend to each other makes them hesitant as they do not want to lose each other. Later the movie, Sally asks Harry to come oer her house because her previous boyfriend is getting married. They suddenly have unexpected sex and they feel uncomfortable. Sally does not want to spend time with him anymore as sex part really gets in the way and it is leaden for them to be friends again. Sally keeps trying to avoid him afterward. Finally, their relationship develops to the bond stage. Harry goes through difficult times as Sally tries to avoid him. During this hardship, Harry realizes that he loves her. He reveals his feelings at the New Years Eve party, and Sally accepts him. Their relationship becomes official as they get married. Overall, it was hard for me to exactly identify the Knapps stages of interpersonal communication from Harry and Sallys relationship throughout the movie. Since their relationship does not develop in a typical manner, going back and forth, it also does not take over the Knapps stages of interpersonal communication. Nonetheless, I really think that the film is very well made because it clearly shows how man and woman have different perspectives. After watching this movie, I personally think that being full is the answer for any relationship.