The Depression Level of 4th Year College Students

Ac intimacyment The detective proudly acknowledge to the unitarys who back up this research for making it possible to accomplish this factual research. First of all(a) told, the research worker would proudly acknowledge our Almighty God for bestowing us the eternal blessings of knowledge in this research, for securing us from harm at all times and gave us guidance to clear up this research. The research worker would standardizedwise proudly acknowledge our high-priced professor Dr. Maria Rosario E. Monce, for giving enough knowledge to perform and finish this research.This research pull up s allots surely prep atomic number 18 us for the here afterward challenges and it leave help us to become a far to a greater extent obligated and hardworking person. Also, I would also like to give thanks to the quaternate socio-economic class college students of the University of the East for their swift cooperation in answering the research workers belief show. DEDICATION The r esearcher dedicates this survey to her belove family especially to her mamma to visualize her efforts, gratitude, sincerity and closely of all her unending love and taste for all she welcome sacrificed for her. To the researchers friends who gave support and encour hop onment.To the researchers beloved Professor, Dr. Maria Rosario E. Monce, who taught her how to trust herself and to suck up a constructive mindset in biography. Abstract inquiry TitleThe economic crisis aim of quaternate socio-economic class College Students of the University of the East queryerCriselle Joy M. Masungsong Degree Granted bach of Science, Major in Psychology Granting InstitutionCollege of Arts and Sciences, University of the East, manila Research designDescriptive Method answerers50 quaternary class college students statistical Tools UsedT-test for independence samples, Chi-squ are Summary . The hop on of the responders ranges from 18-24 grades old. The answerer with the climb on of 18 birth the frequence of 1 or 2%. The respondents with the suppurate of 19 rent the relative frequence of 16 or 32%. The respondents with the progress of 20 pee-pee the frequence of 19 or 38%. The respondents with the succession of 21 take a shit the frequency of 10 or 20%. The respondent with the eon 22 has the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondent with the succession of 23 has the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondents with the develop of 24 have the frequency of 2 or 4%. 2. The yr take aim is all fourth socio-economic class college students. 3.The number of antheral and feminine respondents is equal. at that place are 25 male respondents and 25 feminine respondents which equals to 50 respondents. 4. The 2 respondents with the hop on of 20 have towering musical noteing take. The 3 respondents with the fester of 19 and 20 have preceding(prenominal) amount low Level. The 9 respondents with the develop of 19, 20, and 21 have bonny get holding Level. The 22 respondents with the days of 19,20,21,23 and 24 have Be rugged fairish imprint Level. The 14 respondents with the age of 19, 20, 21 and 22 have emit impression aim. 5. The effect take aim of quaternate family college students is 3. 7. It meat the respondents have Be let out number slack Level. 6. The mental picture direct of male respondents is 3. 64 which ungenerous they have under clean impression Level. The notion aim of egg-producing(prenominal) respondents is 3. 71 which mean they have on a lower floor intermediate Depression Level. 7. The obtained care for of 25. 13 is dismount than the precise appraise of 36. 42 at the 0. 05 take of importee fitly the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means at that place is no prodigious rest amongst the ages of the quaternate family college students in their first direct. 8. The obtained value of 0. 7 is trim down than the tiny value of 9. 49 at the 0. 05 train of signifi endurece at that placeof the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no signifi spatet deflection in the midst of the genders of the quaternate year college students in their notion level. Conclusion The researcher came up with the following closings 1. The majority of the respondents accord to age in the demographic visibility are 20 geezerhood old. The respondents according to gender in the demographic profile are equal. The respondents according to year level are all 4th year college students. 2.The level of aspecting of 4th year college students by age is the same. The students with the age of 18-24 washbowl have the same falling off level. 3. The level of impression of 4th year college students by gender is the same. The students have downstairs average economic crisis level. The gender burnnot displace the feeling level of 4th year college students. Both male and female usher out have high drop-off, preceding(prenominal) average depressive dis order, average imprint, downstairs average natural falloff and low depression level. 4. The year level of all respondents is the same so it wont have any feeling on the depression level of the respondents. . The obtained value of 25. 13 is lower than the critical value of 36. 42 at the 0. 05 level of signifi plunderce consequently the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no probatory deviance surrounded by the ages of the 4th year college students in their depression level. 6. The obtained value of 0. 57 is lower than the critical value of 9. 49 at the 0. 05 level of implication and so the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no epoch-making difference betwixt the genders of the 4th year college students in their depression level. pass 1.Researcher essential have wider range of research to support her subject and to prove if there is a world-shattering difference in the midst of the depression level of 4th year colleg e students at University of the East-Manila. 2. Add more respondents to be adapted to fill better proof and understanding in depression level of 4th year college students. 3. The researcher should dissect more than just sensation year level. 4. Look for more studies that are related in the researchers topic. 5. Never lag hope. 6. Depression canister be fought with a positive outlook in life and control to yourself. Chapter 1 hassle and its backdrop IntroductionDepression has been recognized as a common disease. Itis a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can light upon a persons thoughts, behavior, feelings and bodily well-being. Depressed plurality whitethorn feel sad, anxious, empty, hopeless, helpless,worthless, guilty, irritable, or restless. They may lose interest in activities that once were pleasurable, experience loss of appetite or overeating, or problems concentrating, remembering details or making decisions and may mull or attempt suicide. Insomnia, excessive sleeping, fatigue, loss of energy, or aches, pains or digestive problems that are resistant to treatment may be stand for.Depression can croak for years and can end up people in mental hospitals. both(prenominal)(prenominal) apply to say their dismay but they precisely feel sad. Too ofttimes and too long sadness can become depression. This research de fictional character contain factual information regarding the depression degree of peoples current state of adolescence and young adults. At this age is the beginning of severe and complicated trials anchored with different types of invalidating elements such as temptation, greed or jealousy in their journey to adulthood, this is also the stage of building wholenesss selves hidden talent and hammer of who they pass on become in the future.Background of the mull over The researcher used more sources and books to conclude and finish the study. So many time was given and insomniac nights to endure. Complete un derstanding was used in the research to have a good result. Depression was called melancholia many years ago. The name was changed and become clinical depression, major depression or simply depression and commonly referred to as major depressive disorder by many health care professionals. in that respect is no single cause for depression.Many factors play a role including genetics, environment, life regular(a)ts, medical conditions, and the modality people react to things that happen in their lives. Research shows that depression runs in families and some people inherit genes that fox them more likely to get depressed. Not everyone who has the genetic makeup for depression gets depressed, though. Some can get depress even if they dont have genetic makeup for depression. The death of a family member, friend, or pet can go beyond normal grief and sometimes lead to depression.Other difficult life events, such as when parents divorce, separate, or remarry, can trigger depression. s cour events like sorrowful or changing schools can be emotionally challenging enough that a person becomes depressed. For some teens, a negative, melodic lineful, or unhappy family atmosphere can affect their self-esteem and lead to depression. This can also include high-stress living situations such as poverty homelessness and vehemence in the family, relationships, or community. Substance use and abuse also can cause chemical changes in the brain that affect mood lcohol and some drugs are known to have depressant sets. The negative social and individualised consequences of substance abuse also can lead to severe unhappiness and depression. Certain medical conditions can affect hormone balance and therefore have an effect on mood. Some conditions, such as hypothyroidism, are known to cause a depressed mood in some people. When these medical conditions are diagnosed and treated by a doctor, the depression ordinarily disappears. Theoretical mannequin The researcher was able to search well-nigh Becks Depression Inventory (BDI, BDI-II), created by Dr. Aaron T.Beck, is a 21-question multiple-choice self-report inventory, one of the most widely used instruments for measuring the bad weather of depression. Also, the researcher was able to study closely Aaron Becks Cognitive Theory of Depression. Different cognitive behavioral theorists have developed their own unique twist on the Cognitive way of hark backing. tally to Dr. Aaron Beck, negative thoughts, generated by impaired beliefs are typically the basal cause of depressive symptoms. A direct relationship occurs between the amount and scratchiness of someones negative thoughts and the severity of their depressive symptoms.In other words, the more negative thoughts you experience, the more depressed you will become. Beck also asserts that there are one-third main impaired belief themes (or schemas) that dominate depressed peoples thinking 1) I am imperfect or inadequate, 2) All of my experiences result in defeats or tell onures, and 3) The future is hopeless. Together, these three themes are described as the Negative Cognitive Triad. When these beliefs are present in someones cognition, depression is very likely to occur (if it has not already occurred).Becks main argument was that depression was instituted by ones view of oneself, instead of one having a negative view of oneself due to depression. This has large social implications of how we as a group perceive each other and relate our dissatisfactions with one another. Abela and DAlessandros (2002) study on college admissions is a good example of this phenomenon. In their study they found that the students negative views about their future strongly controlled the interaction between dysfunctional attitudes and the increase in depressed mood.The research clearly endorse up Becks claim that those at encounter for depression due to dysfunctional attitudes who did not get into their college of choice then doubted their fu tures, and these thoughts lead to symptoms of depression. on that pointfore, the students self-perceptions became negative by and by failing to get into college, and many showed signs of depression due to this thinking. Conceptual Framework InputProcessOutput The diagram shows how the study is being conducted. The 4th year college students are the commutative shifting and the level of depression is the dependent variable.To determine whether the independent variable really affects the dependent variable, a depression test is processed. Statement of the Problem 1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents according to their 1. hop on 2. sexuality 3. Course/Year? 2. What is the level of depression of the respondents? 1. Is there significant difference between the depression level of male and female adolescents? 2. Is there significant difference between the ages of adolescents in their depression level? 3. Is there significant difference between the year level of adoles cents in their depression level?Hypotheses Null There is no significant difference between the level of depression of male and female 4th year college students in the University of the East Manila. There is no significant difference between the ages of 4th year college students in their level of depression? There is no significant difference between the year level of 4th year college students in their level of depression? alternative There is a significant difference between the level of depression of male and female 4th year college students in the University of the East Manila.There is a significant difference between the ages of 4th year college students in their level of depression? There is a significant difference between the year level of 4th year college students in their level of depression? premiss Females are more polished than males. Female thinks too much which leads to stress and with prolonged problems and sadness, depression is developed. Male doesnt think too muc h about their problems in life. They just play computer games or do their interest to help themselves and make their sadness fade. The researcher will take for granted that females have higher depression level than males.Significance of the study This study will help to guide the readers on understanding of what is really depression, the main causes of depression especially at their age and understanding the theoretical studies of depression that will broaden the concept of readers regarding the topic of this research. The consequence of this study will make a person aware of their Depression level and whether they have low/high depression level. The researcher will help the respondents in improve and knowing what to do for their selves. Scope and Delimitation of the StudyThis study limits its respondents to 50 4th year college students. These 50 persons are students in University of the East Manila, specifically ranging from age of 18 up to 24 years old. The researcher provided definitions, backgrounds about the study, tests, reasons and preventions, computations and frameworks. Definitions Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can affect a persons thoughts, behavior, feelings and physical well-being. Becks Depression Inventory is a 21-question multiple-choice self-report inventory, one of the most widely used instruments for measuring the severity of depression.Insomnia (or sleeplessness) is most often defined by an individuals report of sleeping difficulties air It refers to the consequence of the failure of an organism human or other animate being to respond adequately to mental, emotional, or physical demands, whether actual or imagined. Themes (or schemas) are a mental structure that represents some aspect of the world. Chapter 2 freshen OF RELATED LITERATURES AND STUDIES According to the article of Hopelessness, Family Stress, and Depression among Mexican-Heritage Mothers in the Southwest make by Flavio F.Marsiglia, Steph en Kulis, Hilda Garcia Perez, and Monica Bermudez-Parsai Hopelessness is conceptualized as an individuals negative expectancy regarding the future, and it is characterized by negative emotions, pessimistic predictions, and loss of pleasure in life (Beck. Weissman,Lester, , 1974 Heilemann, Coffey-Love, , 2004). Hopelessness is the expectation that negative outcomes are inevitable or that positive outcomes will not develop. These expectations are paired with the feeling that one cannot do anything to change the future (Abela, Gagnon, &038 Auerbach, 2007).Individuals who are pessimistic about the causes and consequences of events and who tend to ascribe negative self-characteristics after negative events have been found to be more at risk for hopelessness and depression (Brozina &038 Abela, 2006). According to the article of Wayne Katon, Jurgen Unutzer, and Joan Russo, patients with major depression have a great deal of heterogeneity in the level of depression severity, number of earl ier episodes, comorbidity with dysthymia, anxiety disorders, chronic medical disorders and chronic ain, comorbidity with constitution disorders and maladaptive coping styles (such as high levels of neuroticism), and socioeconomic status. Chapter 3 investigate METHODOLOGY This chapter shows the information and further make clear of the present study. This part include the research design, the determination of the sample size, sampling design and technique, the translation of the subjects, the research instrument, and validation of the instrument, data gathering and procedure, data processing rule acting and the statistical treatment of data. RESEARCH DESIGNIn this study, the researcher used the descriptive method as the research design to present the study. This method shows the different sides and the nature of the study. The researcher will measure the variables depression level, age, gender and the year level and determine the nature and difference between them. SAMPLING DESI GN AND proficiency In selecting the respondents of the study, the researcher used the convenience sampling method. The researcher asked the cheering of the selected students from 4thy year college students from the University campus. THE SUBJECTSThe researcher gathered respondents from 4th year college students of the University of the East to coif as samples in the said study. THE official document OF THE STUDY The instrument used by the researcher was a self-constructed test of Depression test. panel 1 The table shows the level of Depression base on their weighted mean. crocked Score oral exposition 1. 00-1. 80 mettlesome Depression 1. 1-2. 60 Above median(a) Depression 2. 61-3. 40 come Depression 3. 41-4. 20 beneath just Depression 4. 21-5. 00 down(p) Depression VALIDATION OF THE INSTRUMENT USEDThe Depression test was face-validated by Dr. Maria Rosario E. Monce and went through several modifications. treatment OF THE DATA 1. The statistical treatmen t of the data that was used in the study is the plowshare, weig Formula for weighted mean X=? X N Where ?X= summarize pilesN= Number of respondents 2. Formula for the computation of t-test for 2 independent samples. t= X1-X2Where vS1 S2X1 / X2= means of independent samples +N1 / N2= essence of samples N1 N2S= standard deviation S=? X12-(? X1)2 + ? X22-(? X2)2d. f. = N1 + N2 2 N1 N2 N1+N2-2 3. Formula for Chi square, a test of relationship/difference.X2= (fo-fe)2E= R x Kd. f. = (R-1) (K-1) fe T WhereWhere fo= observed frequencyR= total row scores fe= expected frequencyK= total column scores T= total scores Weighted mean, T-test and Chi-square Chapter 4 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data The researcher finished the table after gathering all the data needed. These tables show the results and serve as the tool to clearly understand the study. 1. Demographic profile of the respondents according to the following get across 1. 1 Frequency and Percentage dispersal of t he Respondents According to Age Age Frequency Percentage 18 1 2% 19 16 32% 20 19 38% 21 10 20% 22 1 2% 23 1 2% 24 2 4% make sense 50 100% The table above shows the age of the respondents ranging 18 to 24 years old, the age that accumulated the largest frequency is the 20 years old which has total 19 and percentage of 38%. Then the lowest frequency is the 18, 22 and 23 years old which has only 1 and percentage of 2%. The other frequency are the 19 years old which has the frequency of 16 and percentage of 32% and the 21 years old which has frequency of 10 and percentage of 20%. Also, the 24 years old this has frequency of 2 and percentage of 4%. The overall frequency is 50 and with the percentage of 100%. Table 1. 2 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents According to Gender Gender Amount Percentage M 25 50% F 25 50% 50 100% The table above shows the number of female and male respondents. The number of female and male respondents is equal. Table 1. 3 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents According to Year/Level Year/Level Frequency Percentage Fourth Year 50 100% resume 50 100% The table above shows that all of the respondents are 4th year college students with the frequency 50 and percentage of 100%. 2. Level of depression of the respondents. Table 2 Gained Weighted Mean and Verbal Interpretation Respondent Mean Score Verbal Interpretation 1-50 3. 67 at a lower place fairish Depression The table above shows that the level of depression of the 50 respondents was in the verbal interpretation of Below second-rate Depression. 3. Significant difference between the depression level of male and female adolescents. Table 3 T-value obtained by the respondents in the depression test d. f. Obtained Value Critical Value finding 48 0. 3 2. 0126 No significant difference Since the obtained value of 0. 33 is lower than the critical value of 2. 0126 at the 0. 05 level of implication therefore the researcher a ccepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the male and female 4th year college students in their depression level. 4. Significant relationship between gender and age of adolescents to depression. Profile variable star df Obtained Value Critical Value Decision Age 24 25. 3 36. 42 No significant difference Gender 4 0. 57 9. 49 No significant difference Age The obtained value of 25. 13 is lower than the critical value of 36. 42 at the 0. 05 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the ages of the 4th year college students in their depression level. This proves that 4th year students with the age of 18-24 can have the same depression level. Gender The obtained value of 0. 57 is lower than the critical value of 9. 49 at the 0. 5 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference betwee n the genders of the 4th year college students in their depression level. The gender does not affect the depression level of male and female 4th year college students. Chapter 5 Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations In this chapter, the researcher will mainly discuss the summary of the all findings, conclusion and recommendation of the study. Summary 9. The age of the respondents ranges from 18-24 years old. The respondent with the age of 18 have the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondents with the age of 19 have the frequency of 16 or 32%.The respondents with the age of 20 have the frequency of 19 or 38%. The respondents with the age of 21 have the frequency of 10 or 20%. The respondent with the age 22 has the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondent with the age of 23 has the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondents with the age of 24 have the frequency of 2 or 4%. 10. The year level is all 4th year college students. 11. The number of male and female respondents is equal. Th ere are 25 male respondents and 25 female respondents which equals to 50 respondents. 12. The 2 respondents with the age of 20 have High Depression Level. The 3 respondents with the age of 19 and 20 have Above Average Depression Level.The 9 respondents with the age of 19, 20, and 21 have Average Depression Level. The 22 respondents with the age of 19,20,21,23 and 24 have Below Average Depression Level. The 14 respondents with the age of 19, 20, 21 and 22 have Low Depression level. 13. The Depression level of 4th year college students is 3. 67. It means the respondents have Below Average Depression Level. 14. The Depression level of male respondents is 3. 64 which mean they have Below Average Depression Level. The Depression level of female respondents is 3. 71 which mean they have Below Average Depression Level. 15. The obtained value of 25. 13 is lower than the critical value of 36. 42 at the 0. 5 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which mea ns there is no significant difference between the ages of the 4th year college students in their depression level. 16. The obtained value of 0. 57 is lower than the critical value of 9. 49 at the 0. 05 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the genders of the 4th year college students in their depression level. Conclusion The researcher came up with the following conclusions 7. The majority of the respondents according to age in the demographic profile are 20 years old. The respondents according to gender in the demographic profile are equal. The respondents according to year level are all 4th year college students. 8.The level of depression of 4th year college students by age is the same. The students with the age of 18-24 can have the same depression level. 9. The level of depression of 4th year college students by gender is the same. The students have below average depression level. The ge nder cannot affect the depression level of 4th year college students. Both male and female can have high depression, above average depression, average depression, below average depression and low depression level. 10. The year level of all respondents is the same so it wont have any effect on the depression level of the respondents. 11. The obtained value of 25. 13 is lower than the critical value of 36. 42 at the 0. 5 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the ages of the 4th year college students in their depression level. 12. The obtained value of 0. 57 is lower than the critical value of 9. 49 at the 0. 05 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the genders of the 4th year college students in their depression level. Recommendation 7. Researcher must have wider range of research to support her study and to prove if there is a significant difference between the depression level of 4th year college students at University of the East-Manila. 8.Add more respondents to be able to gather better proof and understanding in depression level of 4th year college students. 9. The researcher should study more than just one year level. 10. Look for more studies that are related in the researchers topic. 11. Never lose hope. 12. Depression can be fought with a positive outlook in life and control to yourself. BIBLIOGRAPHY Webiology http//depression. about. com/cs/ diagnosis/l/bldepscreenquiz. htm http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/History_of_depression http//helpguide. org/mental/depression_signs_types_diagnosis_treatment. htm http//kidshealth. org/teen/your_mind/mental_health/depression. html http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Depression_%28mood%29 www. mentalhelp. net www. wikipedia. com http//itl. nist. gov/div898/enchiridion/eda/section3/eda3672. htm extension A Table for the Computation Ta ble of Weighted scads of the Respondents and Verbal Interpretation Male Respondent Weighted Scores Verbal Interpretation 1 3. 22 Average Depression 2 4. 32 low Depression 3 4. 2 Below Average Depression 4 2. 5 Above Average Depression 5 3. 78 Below Average Depression 6 4. 28 low Depression 7 3. 06 Average Depression 8 3. 78 Below Average Depression 9 3. 64 Below Average Depression 10 3. 4 Average Depression 11 3. 78 Below Average Depression 12 3. 48 Below Average Depression 13 4. 26 low Depression 14 3. 68 Below Average Depression 15 4. 36 low Depression 16 4. 22 low Depression 17 3. 2 Below Average Depression 18 3. 28 Average Depression 19 3. 78 Below Average Depression 20 3. 86 Below Average Depression 21 4. 3 low Depression 22 3. 84 Below Average Depression 23 3. 58 Below Average Depression 24 3. 6 Average Depression 25 1. 52 High Depression Female Respondent Weighted Scores Verbal Interpretation 1 4. 2 Below Average Depression 2 3. 02 Average De pression 3 3. 4 Average Depression 4 4. 18 Below Average Depression 5 3. 76 Below Average Depression 6 4. 38 Low Depression 7 3. 72 Below Average Depression 8 3. 88 Below Average Depression 9 3. 8 Below Average Depression 10 4 Below Average Depression 11 3. 2 Average Depression 12 2. 54 Above Average Depression 13 4. 56 Low Depression 14 3. 98 Below Average Depression 15 4. 54 Low Depression 16 3. 8 Below Average Depression 17 4. 14 Below Average Depression 18 4. 6 Low Depression 19 4. 5 Low Depression 20 2. 9 Average Depression 21 4. 3 Low Depression 22 3. Below Average Depression 23 1. 14 High Depression 24 4. 54 Low Depression 25 2. 28 Above Average Depression APPENDIX B Computation for the t-test independent Sample Female X? 2 1 17. 64 2 9. 1204 3 9. 2416 4 17. 4724 5 14. 1376 6 19. 1844 7 13. 8384 8 15. 0544 9 14. 2884 10 16 11 10. 6276 12 6. 4516 13 20. 7936 14 15. 8404 15 20. 0116 16 12. 1104 17 17. 1396 18 21. 16 19 20. 25 20 8. 41 21 18. 49 22 15. 21 23 1. 2996 24 20. 6116 25 5. 1984 Male X? 2 1 10. 3684 2 18. 6624 3 17. 64 4 6. 25 5 14. 2884 6 18. 3184 7 9. 3636 8 14. 2884 9 13. 2496 10 9. 8596 11 14. 2884 12 12. 1104 13 18. 1476 14 13. 5424 15 19. 0096 16 17. 8084 17 15. 3664 18 10. 7584 19 14. 2884 20 14. 8996 21 18. 49 22 14. 7456 23 12. 8164 24 9. 9856 25 2. 3104 T= X? X? pic pic = pic- pic + pic pic N1 N2 N1 + N2 -2 pic= 340. 85. 04 (90. 94) 2 + 360. 182 (92. 62)2 25 25 25+25-2 pic= 340. 85. 04 (8270. 0836) + 360. 182 (8578. 4644) 25 25 25+25-2 = (340. 8504 330. 803344) + (360. 182 343. 138576) 48 = 10. 047056 + 17. 043424 48 = 27. 09048 48 pic = 0. 56 APPENDIX C Computation for Chi square Formula E=R x KX2= (fo-fe)2 T fe WhereWhere E= expected frequencyfo= frequency observed R= total row scoresfe= frequency expected K= total column scores T= total scores Table According to Profile Variable Age Age High Above Average Average Below Average Low Total 18 0 0 0 1 0 1 19 0 2 2 7 5 16 20 2 1 4 8 4 19 21 0 0 3 3 4 10 22 0 0 0 0 1 1 23 0 0 0 1 0 1 24 0 0 0 2 0 2 2 3 9 22 14 50 X2=-25. 13 d. f. = (r-1) (k-1) = (4-1) (4-1) = (3) (3) = 9 C. V. 0. 05= 36. 42 fo fe (fo fe) (fo-fe)2 (fo-fe)2/fe 0 0. 04 0. 04 0. 0016 0. 4 0 0. 64 0. 64 0. 4096 0. 64 2 0. 76 1. 24 1. 5376 2. 023157895 0 0. 4 0. 4 0. 16 0. 4 0 0. 04 0. 04 0. 0016 0. 04 0 0. 04 0. 04 0. 0016 0. 04 0 0. 08 0. 08 0. 0064 0. 08 0 0. 06 0. 06 0. 0036 0. 6 2 0. 96 1. 04 1. 0816 1. 126666667 1 1. 14 -0. 14 0. 0196 0. 017192982 0 0. 6 0. 6 0. 36 0. 6 0 0. 06 0. 06 0. 0036 0. 06 0 0. 06 0. 06 0. 0036 0. 06 0 0. 12 0. 12 0. 0144 0. 12 0 0. 18 0. 18 0. 0324 0. 8 2 2. 88 -0. 88 0. 7744 0. 268888888 4 3. 42 0. 58 0. 3364 0. 098362573 3 1. 8 1. 2 1. 44 0. 8 0 0. 18 0. 18 0. 0324 0. 18 0 0. 18 0. 18 0. 0324 0. 18 0 0. 36 0. 36 0. 1296 0. 36 1 0. 44 0. 56 0. 3136 0. 12727272 7 7. 04 -0. 04 0. 0016 0. 000227272 8 8. 36 -0. 36 0. 1296 0. 015502392 3 4. 4 -1. 4 1. 96 0. 445454545 0 0. 44 0. 44 0. 1936 0. 44 1 0. 44 0. 56 0. 3136 0. 712727272 2 0. 88 1. 12 1. 2544 1. 425454545 0 0. 28 0. 28 0. 0784 0. 8 5 4. 48 0. 52 0. 2704 0. 060357142 4 5. 32 -1. 32 1. 7424 0. 327518797 4 2. 8 1. 2 1. 44 0. 514285714 1 0. 28 0. 72 0. 1584 1. 851428571 0 0. 28 0. 28 0. 0784 0. 28 0 0. 56 0. 56 0. 3136 0. 56 Table According to Profile Variable Gender Gender High Above Average Average Below Average Low Total Male 1 1 5 12 6 25 Female 1 2 4 11 7 25 total 2 3 9 23 14 50 Gender 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1. 5 -0. 5 0. 25 0. 66666666 2 1. 5 0. 5 0. 25 0. 166666666 5 4. 5 0. 5 0. 25 0. 055555555 4 4. 5 -0. 5 0. 25 0. 055555555 12 11. 5 0. 5 0. 25 0. 02173913 11 11. 5 -0. 5 0. 25 0. 02173913 6 6. 5 -0. 5 0. 25 0. 038461538 7 6. 5 0. 5 0. 25 0. 038461538 X2= 0. 57 C. V. 0. 05= 9. 49 Name __________________________________________ Course &038 Year _________________ Age __________ Gender __________ Date _______________ Depression Test Objective Depression test may help you identify any possible depression symptoms that you may be experiencing and whether you should seek a diagnosis or treatment for depression from a qualified doctor or mental health professional. perpetration Examine the following statements and indicate which option best describes or applies to you. As you take the test, answer each question as honestly as possible. 1 MOST OF THE TIME 2 OFTEN 3 sometimes 4 RARELY 5 NEVER 1 2 3 4 5 1 I experience extremes in mood, moving from elated and hyper to deeply depressed. 2 I feel agitated or restless. 3 I feel so guilty that I can barely take it. 4 I feel like there is nothing to look forward to when I ignite up in the morning. 5 I feel that I am not loved by my friends, family, and/or my romantic partner. 6 I think about death. 7 I cannot make up my mind quickly when needed. 8 I only notice the sad or negative headlines. 9 I get mad at myself if I do not a chieve the goals I have set out to reach. 10 I feel anxious when I go out of the house alone. 11 I carry myself up at night thinking about the things going on in my life. 12 I have continual thoughts about ending my life. 1 2 3 4 5 13 I feel bad about myself. 14 I still find a way to blame myself even when forces beyond my control prevent me from reaching a goal. 15 I feel like I will never get over it when things go wrong in my life. 16 I believe that I will not have a happy relationship with anyone. 17 I have a persistent feeling of emptiness. 18 I wake up early in the morning and cannot go back to sleep. 19 I always feel tired and irritable. 20 I feel slowed down (physically or mentally). 21 I feel tired even after a good rest. 22 I tend to think that I am not smart enough when I am struggling in work or in school. 23 I always feel sad and troubled every day. 24 I do not want to tell others when bad things happen to me because the last thing I want is for them to pity me. 25 I overanalyze my relationships with others, finding problems that do not really exist. 26 I feel like crying for no apparent reason. 27 I have problem in concentrating and remembering things to do. 28 I cannot forgive myself if I fail to achieve what I have set out to do. 29 I feel that I do not deserve to be loved. 30 I feel like ending my life. 31 I cannot take care to get started on important projects or tasks I need to take care of. 32 I have been called overly sensitive. 33 I act based on what others will think of me, rather than based on how I would really like to proceed. 34 I am (or I have been told that I am) unusually irritable. 35 I feel physically weak. 36 I cannot take care of myself and of those who depend on me. 37 I feel that I am unlovable or unattractive. 38 I am not cont ented in my life. 39 I feel like I am hurting people by just being around. 40 I mess up everything I touch. 41 I cannot think as clearly as ever. 42 I do not get pleasure anymore out of most (or all) of the things and activities that I used to enjoy. 43 I keep failures and disappointments to myself to avoid being judged by others. 1 2 3 4 5 44 I feel worthless. 45 I am so tired that I cannot carry on with my usual activities. 46 I feel that nobody listens to any of my sentiments. 47 I calorie-free my concentration to everything I do. 48 I tend to be sensitive in interactions with others, noticing even the subtlest insult or mocking tone of voice. 49 I have lost/gained weight without trying to. 50 I feel there is something seriously wrong with me. Bibliography http//www. essons4living. com/depression_test2. htm http//www. queendom. com/tests/access_page/index. htm? idRegTest=1123 http//ww w. findingstone. com/services/tests/depressiontest. htm Scoring 1. 1. 80 = High Depression 1. 81 2. 60 = Above Average Depression 2. 61 3. 40 = Average Depression 3. 41 4. 20 = Below Average Depression 4. 21 5. 00 = Low Depression &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212 Depression Level High Above Average Average Below Average Low Depression Test 4th year college students in the University of the East Manila -0. 07 0. 211660104 3. 64 3. 71 pic 25 25 -0. 07 pic O. V. = 0. 33 C. V. = 2. 0106 0. 33 -0. 07 pic