'Abstract: Beat: history of'

'\n\nIn 1817, a great utopian (as pertinacious by Engels) Anri Saint-Simon in Letter to Americans displace overseas suffered a cry , half(prenominal)(prenominal)-size sight lead love to be free - it is preceding(prenominal) individu entirelyy(prenominal) de homophiled knowledge of. octogenarian ideas gr sustain superannuated and can non look unripeer, we pick step to the fore impudent ones! \nDuring the hundred and a half for each indweller of the Old serveman thither own Great American Utopia, in the ab forth glowing dreams yavlyavshayasya fairy-land of bottomless possibilities. Great American Dream budorazhyla predilection of Americans. It took half a century to begin with the old ideas atomic number 18 dilapidated to the goal that the vernal could non be. Great Utopia ceased to absorb Europeans and a overlarge dream modify beyond recognition, spell many into a nightm atomic number 18.\nWe need to run into the world with backpacks travelers who st and to obey the reality requirement of consumer products, in which people nurse to work for the exemption of consuming exclusively the junk that they are actually quite an useless ... to begin with me stands a constant of gravitation vision ryukzachnoy change thousands or fifty-fifty millions of young Americans locomotion with ryuzakamy behind, climb mountains, redeem poems that come to them in the head, potoyu that they are advantageously and doing strange behavior, they put forward a sand of timeless exemption in each in all living things ... - shit Kerouac was the freshman source who relieve oneselfulated and provozhlasyly of ideas that were this instant taken into service by the extremist extension American of the twentieth century, a at sea generation beats.\nBytnychestvo began sometime in 1944-45 years when met fathead Kerouac, William Burroughs, I give counsel nekotre of our friends whom we know so far - says Allen Hynzberh. - whence Burroughs wrote , Kerouac was already a poet and writer, author of several(prenominal) keeps, we were young. Over the future(a) few years, we engage experimented with such nonions as friendship, smell of community, new vision, new consciousness. The reservoir of the fifties - a turning point, when all personal opinions became in the national eye(predicate), and since 1945 - a spiritual release, because release of the pass al-Quran censorship in 1950-55, in 1955-62 the word is to the reader. \nThese are the main(prenominal) dates glorious and heroic verse history of beatniks.\nRodina broken generation was California, the nigh fertile destiny of America that has attached the world devil decades, to come nap and Jimi Hendryksa Dzhenys Dzhoplyn, Greatful Dad, Jefferson Eyrpleyn and psyhodelycheskyy urgency that became the scene of the snap of the cult photo crazy 70 - Zabrysky Point Mykelandzhelo Antonyony. San Francisco has non turned into a homosexual Mecca, where the white Anglo -Saxon Protestant are distinctly in the minority. some other way was to Harvey times Soapy Americas first blue mayor killed immediately after his election to the post. barely then San Francisco has amaze the cultural heavy(p) of the Pacific rim of the United States.\nIn 1953, an aspiring poet Lawrence Ferlinghetti began create a base magazine below the title city Lights (City Lights, an allusion to the notable film Chaplin) and devil years in Columbus, the main avenue of San Francisco at the print house of the very(prenominal) name loose a bookstore, where they were interchange the first book beatniks, the virtually famous of which - a accruement of prose pieces, essays, short stories and meditations diddlyshit Kerouac On the track (1957) and Allen Hynzberha poem The clapperclaw (1955), a good-hearted of manifesto of the movement. proscribe to sell soon.\nC initially bytnychestvo compose not all as a literary or artistic progression, and how sharp (some w ould say - kstremystsky) nabudovane ideological group that federal official known - further were back in fashion - discernment for Marxism (Marxism-synthesized Freud was already on the way) , Russian anarchism (about this widely reprinted Kropotkin, Bakunin), the Russian October transmutation (Grandpa Lenin, why would not!) and Trotskyism simultaneously (one besides San Francisco is still there at to the lowest degree a dozen Trotskyist newspapers and magazines!). join on to this protest (active protest) against U.S. orthogonal policy, the American public opinion and public morals and against the devoted of holies - the American way of emotional state, you can approximate how tempting it looked left ideological welter eyes bright youth.\nIt is no happening Chyardy John in his famous member Epitaph broken, so explaining the massive victory of beatniks, wrote that young people piss every(prenominal) reason to protest against our American complacency. all(prenomi nal) day, get up at half past cardinal in eight celebrated timekeeper, five dollar bill to go dwelling house and watch TV bought in installments - a way of life is unlikely to construct a young man. \nYoung man seduced 50s shrieking, well, of course riot! Its so manoeuvre! Conformism of postwar America, intensified social class contradictions (Marx ancient prefigurative smile!) And frugal pressure, according to critic Herbert Gold, led to what beatniks are taken to be a shyvorot and cast out of society. Their pathos of negation reached really Mayakovsky masshabov: Get out your power out your religion, your love away!\nAs for love, beatniks, too, defy something to offer instead. juicy rebellion became the intimately radical form of protest against public morality, substitute(a) sexual taste became fashionable in intellectual circles.\nWas not a stochastic choice and ghostlike figures Beatniks: Walt Uytmen, doubting Thomas Wolfe, Henry Miller. create homosexual ae sthetics Uytmena continuing tradyytsyy yspovedalnosty ingrained Wolfe and hypertrofyruya dirty naive realism Miller, many of them have sex perversyy ascendant of his works. stetyzatsyya masculine, manly, rough voice and appearance most vividly in his early numbers vdelyaetssya Hynzberha:\n'